Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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A 1 mole sample of ideal gas expands isothermally at 300 K from a volume of 20.00 L to a volume of 30.00 L. Calculate the ΔG and the ΔS for this process.
Expert Solution
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Step 1

Since the process is isothermal, the change in temperature is equal to zero.

The change in internal energy (∆U) is equal to zero.

The change in enthalpy (∆H) is equal to ∆U + nRT where n is the number of moles of gas, R is the universal gas constant and T is the temperature. The value of ∆H = 1 × 8.314 × 300 = 2494.2 joules. ∆U = q + W. Since ∆U = 0, q = -W. The change in entropy (∆S) = q/T. The change in entropy for this reversible isothermal expansion of gas can be determined as follows:

S  =  2.303nRlogV2V1=  2.303 × 1 × 8.314 log30 20 =  19.15 × 0.18=  3.45 J/K

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