______ gated ion channels open and close based on the presence of neurotransmitters or hormones.     Electrically           Chemically         Specially       Diffusion

18) Atropine and cocaine are used in the diagnosis of diseases.

Acid reflux occurs when acid escapes from the __________.   lungs   liver   muscles   small intestines   stomach

In biological systems, a FACILITATED transport process is a form of _______  transport, where an important chemical component moves with the aid of a channel or similar structure.  According to the course lectures, Zoom sessions, course lecture notes, and/or assigned course readings, one specific example of a facilitated transport structure in the cell membrane is _________ , which aids in the movement of a particular chemical component called  __________. A PASSIVE transport (or diffusion) process is one in which an important chemical component moves from where it is  in concentration to where it is ________ in concentration. Meanwhile, an ACTIVE transport process is one in which an important chemical component is moved from where it is  in concentration, to where it is _________  in concentration.  Between passive and active transport, it is _________ transport that requires energy (of some form) to occur