9) A simple cubic crystal is illuminated with x-ray of wavelength 0.09 nm at a glancing angle. The crystal is rotated and the angle at which Bragg reflection occurs are measured. a. Which set of crystal planes will give the smallest angle for the first order reflection? b. If this angle is 8.9°, determine the spacing between these planes. c. At what angle will first order reflection be obtained from the (110) crystal planes. Will there be any higher order reflection from this plane?

A material having an index of refraction of 1.35 is used as an antireflective coating on a piece of glass (n = 1.50). What should be the minimum thickness of this film in order to minimize reflection of 590 nm light? nm If instead a material with an index of refraction of 2.10 is used for the coating, what are the two smallest thicknesses to minimize reflection (in order). nm and nm

33. You have a laser (a monochromatic light source) and want to estimate the wavelength. You decide to use a reflective diffraction grating to do this. The light is incident on the grating at 20 degrees with respect to normal. Using a grating with a groove distance of 5 um, the first-order diffraction, is found at an angle of -12.5 degrees. Determine the wavelength of the source. a) 500 nm b) 628 nm c) 808 nm d) 946 nm e) None of the above 34. In Raman spectrometry, Stokes lines have a) lower energy than that of anti-Stokes scattering. b) equal energy to that of anti-Stokes scattering. ) higher energy than that of anti-Stokes scattering d) none of the above 35. Upon ionization of phenol in aqueous solution, maximal UV absorbance changes to longer wavelength. a) True b) False 36. It takes longer time to observe fluorescence than phosphorescence. a) True b) False 37. The vibrational motion of C-H stretching in ethylene as in the figure can be detected by a) IR. b) Raman. c) IR and Raman.…

3. A single slit is used to create an interference pattern on a screen using light. Consider the statements that follow with respect to the pattern generated: I. A longer wavelength of light generates a wider central maximum. II. When using white light, the outer fringes are coloured. III. A narrower slit generates a wider central maximum. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect? a. b. c. I only I and II only I and III only d. e. I, II, and III none