8. (TRUE/FALSE) In the direction of increasing emissions, the MAC is actually a MB function 9. (TRUE/FALSE) There will be higher numbers of polluters in the long run under no regulation compared to regulation with an emissions subsidy

7) A Detroit factory is polluting more than the socially optimal amount. The city government then imposes a lump sum tax on the business, but the business didn't change how much they were polluting. Explain what was wrong with the city's decision.

4. Understanding different policy options to correct for negative externalities Carbon dioxide emissions have been linked to melting of sea ice. The following table lists some potential regulations targeting the amount of airborne carbon dioxide. For each policy listed, identify whether it is a command-and-control policy (regulation), tradable permit system, corrective subsidy, or corrective tax. Tradable Permit System Public Policy . The government limits total carbon-dioxide emissions by all factories to 250,000 tons per ten years. Each individual factory is given the right to emit 280 tons of carbon dioxide, and factories may buy and sell these rights in a marketplace. Trees take carbon dioxide out of the air and convert it to oxygen, so the government funds a tree-planting initiative by offering $500 to any citizen who plants a tree. The government orders every factory to adopt a new technology, which reduces carbon-dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The government charges…

(a) Shortly explain the relationship between elasticity of a good and the consumption tax rate it should be imposed upon it. (b) What do we man by rivalry of a good? Give examples of rival and non-rival goods. To what extent is rivalry a crucial aspect of a public good? (c) Give examples of positive and negative production and consumption externalities. (so you need to give 4 examples in total) (d) Explain whether the Coase theorem is useful in practice. (e) Define vertical and horizontal equity objectives of a tax system. Which one do you think is more important in establishing equity and/or fairness? (f) What are the political implications of the First and Second Welfare theorems? Shortly explain. 3