7.Which of the following is true of water in the hydration layer of proteins?a. It has a lower AS than bulk waterb. It has a higher AS than bulk waterc. It has a lower AH than bulk waterd. It has a higher AH than bulk watere. None of the above8. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction rate will be increased if the energy level of ES can beincreased. Which of the following will not increase the energy level of ES?a. destabilization of ES by solvationb. Destabilization of ES by strain caused by non-covalent interaction between E and Sc. Loss of entropy due to binding of E and Sd. Destabilization of ES by distortione. Destabilization of ES by electrostatic effects9. The catalytic mechanism below is an example of:MechanismO H*CH,C-0NO,CH,C-O + HO--NO, + H*H-0H.HN,a. General base catalysisb. Specific acid catalysisc. Covalent electrophilic catalysisd. Covalent nucleophilic catalysise. None of the above

Enthalpy (H) is the heat content of a system. Change in enthalpy (∆H) is the difference between the…

Answered: 7. Which of the following is true of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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8. "Salting-out" is a process A. to represent the certain molecules are ionized in a solution B. where increasing salt concentration of a solution increases the solubility ofmolecules C. to reduce solubility of molecules in a solution with high salt concentration D. to decrease solubility of molecules in a solution at certain pH value E. to form salt-bridge between molecules in a solution
4. Consider the reaction: OH CH H3C O C H₂ a. What kind of reaction is being performed here? H3C C H₂ b. What enzyme performs this reaction? c. What cofactors, if any, are required for this reaction?
24. Which of the following is not part of ATP composition? A. Three phosphate groups B. Ribose C. Deoxyribose D. nitrogenous base 25. With regards to competitive inhibitors, all of the following are correct except A bind to the active site of an enzyme B competing with the substrate C. its structure is the same as the original substrate D. it binds to allosteric site and control enzyme activity
9. Given the Km and Vmax values of three enzymes, A, B and C: Enzyme Km Vmax A 2.0 x 10-3 M 4.0 B 4.2 x 104М 1.8 C 1.0 x 10-3 M 2.5 Which enzyme would have the highest activity? Why?
1. When bacteria growing well at 30°C are cooled to 20°C, which of the following membrane lipids are they most likely to synthesize, membrane lipids with saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? Explain.
3. Ehylene glycol, the main ingredient in antifreeze, is an odorless, colorless, sweet tasting water-soluble chemical that, when ingested, is a toxic poison. The treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning involves emergency procedures that include intravenous doses of ethanol for several hours. To understand how this treatment works, you need to know that ethylene glycol is metabolized by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into four products, and these products are actual toxic agents. If this reaction can be inhibited, then the kidneys will eliminate the ethylene glycol intact before the toxins are produced. Chemist know that ADH has 100x greater affinity for ethanol than for ethylene glycol. Given your new knowledge of enzyme activity and inhibitors, speculate about the mechanism by which ethanol prevents ethylene glycol poisoning. Hint: is a non-competitive inhibitor or competitive inhibitor involved here?
15. When an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons, it is said to be: A. energized. B. oxidized. C. polarized. D. reduced. 16. A drug binds to the active site of an enzyme. If it is bound to the active site of the enzyme, it prevents substrate binding. This drug would be considered a(n) A. noncompetitive inhibitor. B. allosteric inhibitor. C. allosteric activator. D. competitive inhibitor. 17. If the AG of a reaction was +31.45 kJoules, which of the following is NOT true regarding this reaction? A. the products have more free energy than the reactants B. the reaction requires an energy input of 31.45 kJoules to proceed. C. The reaction is exergonic D. The reaction is endergonic 18. The large number of alveoli in lungs improve gas exchange by A. decreasing the distance for diffusion B. increasing the surface area for diffusion C. increasing the concentration difference D. changing the diffusion constant 19. Exchange of gases and metabolites between the blood and tissues occurs in…
16. An electrochemical gradient is formed if ions move across a membrane. b. ion concentration changes on one side of a membrane. energy is released. d. salts are produced. с. e. ATP →ADP + Pi
5. How would the following fatty acid be characterized? HO A. short chain, saturated B. medium chain, saturated C. long chain, saturated D. short chain, unsaturated E. medium chain, unsaturated F. long chain, unsaturated
21. Saponification involves. A. the acidic hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid B. the basic hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid C. the acidic hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol D. the basic hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol E. None of the above.
14) If you performed a similar experiment to test the effects of pH on the activity of the enzyme pepsin, what would you predict to be optimal pH of pepsin? Why?
3. The compound trypsin is a digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas. Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rates of reactions in cells. Each chemical reaction requires a different enzyme due to the specificity of an enzyme for a particular set of reactants. What do the results of your Ninydrin and Biuret tests on trypsin tell you about the chemical nature of enzymes?

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