6.10. A reactor that behaves as an ideal PFR is to be used to carry out a BOD removal reaction. The removal rate in the system is given approximately by k BOD K + BOD, BOD where k = 0.12 g/m³.st S K = 30 g/m³ BOD = 150 g/m² For a flow of 0.5 m³/s determine the reactor volume necessary to produce an effluent having 20 g/m³ BOD.
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- A reactor with predominantly longitudinal dimension has reaction volume of 3,000 m3.The influent has flow rate of 600 m3/day and concentration of Na+200 g/m3 and BOD 200 g/m3. Please answer the following:a. What is the hydraulic retention time? b. What would be concentration decay model along the relative length x=L/L0? c. If it is an ideal plug flow reactor, please calculate the concentration profile along the length of the reactor, e.g., x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 of the total length if Na+ is a conservative species while BOD is degradable specie with reaction rate constant k = 0.4/day. d. Please plot the concentration profile vs. relative length x for Na+and BOD, respectively.Environmental Engineering: Three (3) continuously stirred tank reactors are to be used in series. All the reactors have a similar volume. The influent flow has a concentration 100 mg/L of A and a flow rate of 200 l/min. The reaction is first order and the rate constant is 0.30 hr-1. Using the given information: a. Determine the mean residence time and volume of each reactor if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. b. What are the concentrations of A and the rate of conversion in each reactor?A plug flow and a CFSTR biological reactor are both operating with an influent substrate concentration of 100 and effluent substrate concentration of 90. You also know that q cap =1, Ks = 1000, kd=0.1. which of the following statements is true. Choose one only. a. The PFR will have a much smaller volume than the CFSTR b. The PFR will have a bigger volume than the CFSTR c. The PFR will have the same volume as the CFSTR d. The PFR will be a little smaller than the CFSTR e. The PFR will be a little bigger than the CFSTR
- A reactor that behaves as an ideal PFR is to be used to carry out a BOD removal reaction. The removal rate in the system is given approximately by k BODu K+ BOD BOD = where k = 0.12 g/m³.s K = 30 g/m³ BOD 150 g/m³ = For a flow of 0.5 m³/s determine the reactor volume necessary to produce an effluent having 20 g/m³ BOD.Q20. Calculate the first-order reaction rate constant in days for the given data. The number of CFSTRS in series are 5. The influent BODS is 160 g/m and final effluent BOD5 is 10 g/m. The hydraulic residence time of each reactor is 1 h. Determine the detention time of a PFR that will produce same effluent quality as that from the series of reactors.Consider a wastewater treatment reactor where with an influent flow rate of 2,500 m3/day and where the biomass has the following kinetic characteristics: fs0 = 0.7, KS = 10 mg/l, k= 10 mg/mg VSS-day, b = 0.1/day, Y=0.50 g VSS/g substrate, fd=0.8, and Xa=1,500 mg VSS/l. If the reactor was designed with a safety factor of 30, what is its design fs value.
- A completely mixed-flow reactor, operating at steady state, has an inflow of 4 L/min and an inflow "gloop" concentration of 400 mg/L. The volume is 60L; the reaction is zero-order. The gloop concentration in the reactor is 100 mg/L. a) What is the reaction rate constant? b) What is the hydraulic retention time? c) what is the outflow (effluent) gloop concentration?Environmental Engineering: A plug-flow reactor (PFR) has an influent flow with a concentration of 100 mg/L of A and a flow rate of 200 L/min. The reaction is first order and the rate constant is 0.30 hr-1. Find: a. The required detention time and the required volume if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. b. If the reactor is a batch reactor, calculate the required reaction time if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. c. If the reactor is a CSTR, how many times larger must a CSTR be to a Plug-Flow reactor for 90% removal?1. Draw control volume diagram of reactors for each of the following conditions and write down the mass balance equations using different notations shown in figure: C, Qout Cin Qin V, C Reaction rate constant =k Figure: Sample CMFR/CFSTR showing influent and effluent flows, volume, reaction rate components. a) Steady state CMFR/CFSTR with conservative pollutant b) Steady state CMFR/CFSTR with non-conservative pollutant having first order growth rate c) Non-steady state CMFR/CFSTR with non-conservative pollutants having second order decay rate
- The volume of a CFSTR is 45 m' and average constant flow in the reactor is 300 m /d. The reactor flow regime was established by feeding continuously 6 g/L stock tracer solution in the influent line at a rate of 125 L per day. Determine the theoretical tracer concentration in the effluent at 3 and 10 h after the tracer injection. Plot the tracer profile as a function of (a) concentration versus t, and (b) C/Co versus t/0.For an SBR process, the sludge takes 45 minutes to settle and the depth of liquid in the reactor is 40% of the depth of the reactor after draw-off to prevent disturbing the settled sludge. The draw-off period takes an additional 20 minutes after the settle face. An idle time of 10 minutes is to be allowed. What is the required volume of each of the tanks in 2-tank and 3-tank SBR systems to handle a flow of 55000 M cubed per day to provide a react time of 60 minutes?4 An activated sludge system is to be used for secondary treatment of 10,000 m³/d of municipal wastewater. After primary clarification, the BOD is 150 mg/L, and it is desired to have not more than 5 mg/L of soluble BOD in the effluent. A completely mixed reactor is to be used, and pilot-plant analysis has established the following kinetic values: Y = 0.5 kg/kg, k, = 0.05 d-¹. Assuming an MLSS concentration of 3000 mg/L and an underflow concentration of 10,000 mg/L from the secondary clarifier (MLVSS=0.8MLSS) determine (1) the volume of the reactor, (2) the mass and volume of solids that must be wasted each day, and (3) the recycle ratio.