6). To investigate the genetic control of locomotive behavior in the diploid nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, eight "wiggly" mutants were isolated, which wiggle in an uncoordinated way rather than smoothly gliding. These eight mutants were crossed together in all possible pairwise combinations, yielding the results summarized in the table above (+ means that all the progeny were wild type, and m means that all the progeny showed the wiggly mutant phenotype). Organize the eight mutations into complem ation groups, each consisting of a group of mutations affecting the same gene. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 E 2 N+E 3+1 m + m 4 5 + m m + EE E+ 6 +Ba ++E +EE m m + + m + + + + + + + m 7 8 ++ ∞+E +E m ++ E

Species I has 2 n = 16 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be found per cell in  the following mutants in this species? Q. Autotetraploid

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7.18 In Drosophila, the genes st (scarlet eyes), ss (spineless bris- tles), and e (ebony body) are located on chromosome 3, with map positions as indicated: SS e 58 70 st 44 Each of these mutations is recessive to its wild-type allele (st+, dark red eyes; sst, smooth bristles; et, gray body). Phenotypically wild-type females with the genotype st ss et/st stt sste were crossed with triply recessive males. Predict the phenotypes of the progeny and the frequen- cies with which they will occur assuming (a) no interfer- ence and (b) complete interference.

Here are schematic diagrams of mutant Drosophila larvae. The left side of each pair shows a wild-type larva, with gray boxes showing the sections that are missing in the mutant larva. Which type of gene is defective in each larva: a gap gene, a pair-rule gene, or a segment-polarity gene?

In a wild-type fungus, protein E (encoded by the haplosufficient gene E) normally dimerizes to catalyzes a biochemical reaction necessary for the production of a dark pigment. Ed represents a mutant, dominant negative allele of gene E. What is the predicted phenotype of a fungus cell of genotype E*/Ed, and why? O wild type (normal production of the dark pigment), as E is haplosufficient mutant (no pigment production), as no dimers will form in the heterozygous mutant (no pigment production), as the mutant allele Eg is dominant O wild type (normal production of the dark pigment), as dimers of wild-type and mutant protein E will be formed in the heterozygous

A pair of paralogous repeats, A and B, have 96% sequence similarity and therefore can promote non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). They exist in four possible arrangements in a genome, illustrated below as arrangements 1 – 4. What is the result of NAHR between repeats A and B in arrangement 1? A.Translocation between chromosomes 1 and 2 resulting in monocentric chromosomes B.Deletion or duplication of the region between A and B C.Translocation between chromosomes 1 and 2 resulting in acentric and dicentric chromosomes D.Inversion of the region between A and B

Assume that the diploid number of a certain species is four chromosomes, two large and two small (2n=4). a)  Of the following figures, which represents a 3n (triploid) cell in mitotic metaphase? b)  For each of the wrong answers from part (a) above, explain briefly why it cannot represent a triploid cell in mitotic metaphase.