6. List four (4) organelle structures that are similar for both plant and animal cells. List the primary functions of each. Also, list two differences between plant & animal cells.
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- 8. The figure below illustrates a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following best describes how the three structures indicated by the arrows work together? Rough ER Golgi apparatus Vesicle (A) To synthesize lipids and modify toxic substances in order to render them harmless (B) To synthesize and isolate proteins for secretion or for use in the cell (C) To catabolize nutrients and produce ATP for intracellular energy storage (D) To synthesize all ribosomal proteins 9. Two nutrient solutions are maintained at the same pH. Actively respiring mitochondria are isolated and placed into each of the two solutions. Oxygen gas is bubbled into one solution. The other solution is depleted of available oxygen. Which of the following best explains why ATP production is greater in the tube with oxygen than in the tube without oxygen? (A) The rate of proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane is lower in the sample without oxygen. (B) Electron transport is reduced in the absence of a plasma…11. (a) Name the labelled cellular structures in Figure 2, and describe their functions. t (b) Does Figure 2 show an animal cell or a plant cell? Explain your reasoning. KU A В C D E F G H Figure 2Which of the following statements about proteins is correct? a. Proteins are transported to the rough ER for use within the cell. b. Lipids and carbohydrates are added to proteins by the Golgi complex. c. Proteins are transported directly into the cytosol for secretion from the cell. d. Proteins that are to be stored by the cell are moved to the rough ER. e. Proteins are synthesized in vesicles.
- 2. Match Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description. A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals. C. Membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell. E Sac filled with digestive chemicals. Lysosome MRochondria Centriole Endoplasmic reticulum Vacuole Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoskeleton Ribosome Nuclear membrane Golgi apparatus Vesicle Nucleolus (Activity A continued on next page) don F. Structures that convert nutrients to energy. G. Passageways where chemicals are made. H. Everything between the nuclear membrane and the cell membrane. 1. Structure that manufactures ribosomes. J. Structure that contains DNA and regulates genes. K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus. L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins. M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products. N. Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape. sting is prohibited.9. Proteins synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum are most often intended for: A. packaging and export from the cell. B. like mitochondrial ETC complex I & II. C. items like microtubule synthesis. D. items like glycolytic enzymes. E. items like cytoskeletal spectrin synthesis. 10. Messenger RNA often encodes more that one biological activity. These activities can then be selectively released by specific proteases that often recognize: A. disulfide bridges. B. basic amino acid pairs. C. stop codons. D. proline-glycine-hydroxyproline sequences. E. formylated methionine.6. The following data were collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. RELATIVE AMOUNTS OF ORGANELLES IN THREE CELL TYPES Cell Type Smooth ER Rough ER Mitochondria Cilia Golgi Bodies Small amount Small amount Large number Present Small amount. Y Large amount Large amount Moderate number Absent Large amount Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Based on an analysis of the data, identify a likely primary function of each cell type and explain how the data support the identification. PAGE FOR ANSWERING QUESTION 6 The Primary function of cell type Xisto move or tranoport things. Cell type x has cilia that are mak the čell move and it make it mitachondria. is likely The primary fundlon of cell tyle y to SYnthosize and excrete proteins and compaunds needed elseuhere in the organism, becaure it has a Targe amaunt Of smooth and rough ER. functions function of cell type be a The primary Surface or epithedid cell that serves no function excert for…
- 13. Define cell. Name three basic cell features in all living organisms. (found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes) *1. Which is the membranous part that transports substance and serves as a site of lipid synthesis? Is it a smooth ER or a rough ER? 2. What is the energy storage of the cell? 3. What are the five parts of a cell that is present in both plant and animal cells? 4. What are the four parts of a cell that serves as the transport system of a cell?1. Lysosome is regarded as a body that is covered by membrane, a little smaller than mitochondrion and functions as storage for several hydrolytic enzymes. The enzymes in lysosome can digest substances that are engulfed by the cell and under certain conditions can destroy the cell itself. (a) Name ONE type of cell in the human body that contains many lysosomes. Explain why the cell contains many lysosomes. (b) State ONE different between the lysosome membrane and the mitochondrion membrane. (c) State ONE special feature of the lysosome membrane. (d) Explain how lysosome acts to release its enzymes in the cell.
- 1 Liver cells are specialized cells in many animals that help to rid the organism of toxins. Liver cells take in waste material from the bloodstream and then must break down and recycle the waste. Which organelle inside a cell has a similar function? Explain how the absence of this structure effects the organism as a whole.9. Recall that many cells have polarity (as in directionality, in this case). Consider the apical location of a particular protein (A) expressed in epithelial cells, illustrated in the figure above. Which type of defect described below is the most likely to cause the redistribution of that protein around the entire cell? A) A nonfunctional enzyme glycosylase. B) The deletion of a junctional protein. C) The truncation of a protein found in the extracellular matrix. D) A nonfunctional flippase. Answer: Explanation: apical plasma membrane lateral plasma membrane basal plasma membrane basal lamina protein A tight junction5. In what organelle of the cell are amino acids synthesized from mRNA?