6. Define the conditions tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia and atrial flutter. State in detail how we can identify these abnormalities on a ECG signal.

6. What is the relationship between each of the following and the arterial blood pressure? a. Vasodilation in arterioles: b. Vasoconstriction in arterioles: c. Total peripheral resistance: d. Cardiac output: e. Stroke volume: f. Cardiac rate:

One of the reasons, a person during initial stages of atherosclerotic coronary blood vessel may not show any symptoms of cardiac dysfunction because  1. Coronary blood vessels show marked reactive hyperemia. 2. Coronary blood vessels carry large amount oxygen which is not fully used by myocardium 3. The threshold for activation of the pain fibers associated with the Coronary blood vessels does not occur until they are fully compressed by the disease. 4. None of the above is correct

8. In a standard ECG, what do the following represent: а. Р- b. QRS= C. T= d. U= e. The # of QRS complexes in a time period:

9. Explain the effects of exercise on each of the following components of an EKG: Why? Increases or Decreasess with Exercise? Duration of RR Interval (time of one heartbeat) Heart Rate (calculated) Duration of P wave Duration of QRS complex Duration of T wave Duration of PR segment Duration of ST segment Duration of TP segment

7. Left-sided heart failure is the primary cause of right-sided heart failure. Explain why this might be.

4.- Describe the main stages in the formation of a blood clot and evaluate the importance of specific factors example platelets, vitamin K, air and blood proteins Using the titles provided in the bullet points below; Injured tissue - exposure of endothelial cells Narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels Activity of platelets Activity of clotting factors