College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Scalars and Vectors
Scalars and Vectors are the classification of physical quantities that are used to denote various terms in physics.
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### Energy Terms in Pendulum Motion #### Diagram Description: The diagram depicts a simple pendulum in three different positions: 0, 1, and 2. The pendulum bob is shown hanging from a pivot point at the top, swinging to the left (position 2) and right (position 0) and as well as at the equilibrium position (position 1). The dotted lines represent the path of the pendulum as it swings back and forth. The gravitational potential energy at the equilibrium position (point 1) is marked as \( U_G = 0J \). #### Questions: 1. **At the point labeled “0” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply.** - A) \( U_G \) - B) \( U_S \) - C) \( K_T \) - D) these are all zero 2. **At the point labeled “1” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply.** - A) \( U_G \) - B) \( U_S \) - C) \( K_T \) - D) these are all zero #### Explanation: - **\( U_G \)**: Gravitational potential energy. - **\( U_S \)**: Spring potential energy (Note: This is not typically applicable in simple pendulum problems unless there is a spring involved, which is unusual). - **\( K_T \)**: Kinetic energy. #### Analysis of Pendulum Positions: - At the point labeled "0" (maximum displacement to the right), the pendulum has maximum gravitational potential energy due to its height and zero kinetic energy if it comes momentarily to rest. - At the point labeled "1" (equilibrium position), the gravitational potential energy is zero by definition, and the kinetic energy is maximal if there is no damping. - At the point labeled "2" (maximum displacement to the left), similar to point "0", the pendulum has maximum gravitational potential energy and zero kinetic energy if it is momentarily at rest. These aspects should be considered while selecting the appropriate answers for the questions provided.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Energy Terms in Pendulum Motion #### Diagram Description: The diagram depicts a simple pendulum in three different positions: 0, 1, and 2. The pendulum bob is shown hanging from a pivot point at the top, swinging to the left (position 2) and right (position 0) and as well as at the equilibrium position (position 1). The dotted lines represent the path of the pendulum as it swings back and forth. The gravitational potential energy at the equilibrium position (point 1) is marked as \( U_G = 0J \). #### Questions: 1. **At the point labeled “0” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply.** - A) \( U_G \) - B) \( U_S \) - C) \( K_T \) - D) these are all zero 2. **At the point labeled “1” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply.** - A) \( U_G \) - B) \( U_S \) - C) \( K_T \) - D) these are all zero #### Explanation: - **\( U_G \)**: Gravitational potential energy. - **\( U_S \)**: Spring potential energy (Note: This is not typically applicable in simple pendulum problems unless there is a spring involved, which is unusual). - **\( K_T \)**: Kinetic energy. #### Analysis of Pendulum Positions: - At the point labeled "0" (maximum displacement to the right), the pendulum has maximum gravitational potential energy due to its height and zero kinetic energy if it comes momentarily to rest. - At the point labeled "1" (equilibrium position), the gravitational potential energy is zero by definition, and the kinetic energy is maximal if there is no damping. - At the point labeled "2" (maximum displacement to the left), similar to point "0", the pendulum has maximum gravitational potential energy and zero kinetic energy if it is momentarily at rest. These aspects should be considered while selecting the appropriate answers for the questions provided.
### Energy Terms Problem Set Below are questions related to energy terms at various points in a figure referred to, and during transitions between these points. Analyze each question to determine which energy terms are nonzero. --- #### 3) At the point labeled “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(U_g\) B) \(U_s\) C) \(K_T\) D) These are all zero --- #### 4) In moving from point “0” to point “1” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- #### 5) In moving from point “0” to point “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- #### 6) In moving from point “1” to point “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- _Note to Educators: The accompanying figure referred to in the problem statements will provide the visual context needed to identify energy terms at specified points and transitions._
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Transcribed Image Text:### Energy Terms Problem Set Below are questions related to energy terms at various points in a figure referred to, and during transitions between these points. Analyze each question to determine which energy terms are nonzero. --- #### 3) At the point labeled “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(U_g\) B) \(U_s\) C) \(K_T\) D) These are all zero --- #### 4) In moving from point “0” to point “1” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- #### 5) In moving from point “0” to point “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- #### 6) In moving from point “1” to point “2” in the figure, which of the following energy terms are nonzero? Select all that apply. A) \(\Delta U_g\) B) \(\Delta U_s\) C) \(\Delta K_T\) D) \(\Delta KE\) E) \(\Delta PE\) F) These are all zero --- _Note to Educators: The accompanying figure referred to in the problem statements will provide the visual context needed to identify energy terms at specified points and transitions._
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