3. The dynamics of a plane pendulum subject to some external force is described by g x + sin x = : u(t), l where x is the angular displacement, I is the length of its link, and g is the standard gravity. (a) (b) (c) What is the equilibrium of the pendulum with u(t) = F being a constant? Write down the linearized equation for small angular displacement. Derive the harmonic response x(t) = X sin(wt) subject to u(t) = F sin(wt) from the linearized equation.

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3.
The dynamics of a plane pendulum subject to some external
force is described by
g
x +
sin x =
: u(t),
l
where x is the angular displacement, I is the length of its link, and g
is the standard gravity.
(a)
(b)
(c)
What is the equilibrium of the pendulum with u(t) = F
being a constant?
Write down the linearized equation for small angular
displacement.
Derive the harmonic response x(t) = X sin(wt) subject
to u(t) = F sin(wt) from the linearized equation.
Transcribed Image Text:3. The dynamics of a plane pendulum subject to some external force is described by g x + sin x = : u(t), l where x is the angular displacement, I is the length of its link, and g is the standard gravity. (a) (b) (c) What is the equilibrium of the pendulum with u(t) = F being a constant? Write down the linearized equation for small angular displacement. Derive the harmonic response x(t) = X sin(wt) subject to u(t) = F sin(wt) from the linearized equation.
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