Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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can you help with Actions and Retinaculum: flexor or extensor?
Transcribed Image Text:3. Fill in the following table with information about the extrinsic muscles of the foot.
Flexors
Extensors
Location:
anterior or
posterior/
lateral?
Origin
Insertion
Actions
Retinaculum:
flexor or
extensor?
Expert Solution
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Step 1
Foot provides balance, support, and mobility to the body. It is made up of 30 joints, 26 bones, tendons and ligaments, and above 100 muscles which altogether helps the foot to perform its function. The significant muscles of the foot include tibilias posterior, tibilias anterior, tibilias peroneal, extensors, and flexors.
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Step 2
Flexors and Extensors of the foot:
| Flexors | Extensors | |
| Location | It is laterally located in the foot. | It is posteriorly located in the foot. |
| Origin | It originates from the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and the plantar aponeurosis | It originated from the musclessupracondylar ridge and the lateral epicondyle |
| Insertion | Medial plantar nerve | Radial nerve |
| Actions | It helps in the stabilization of toes. | It helps to raise the toes and making it flexible while taking steps. |
| Retinaculum |
The retinaculum is a thick layer of fascia (the thick band of connective tissue) that helps to stabilize the tendons in place. Flexor retinaculum comprises laciniate ligament and internal annular ligament that extends from malleolus to calcaneus and provides canalas for movement of muscles and nerves. Lexor |
Extensor retinaculum includes the bunch of ligaments inside the ankle that connects the bones of lower leg namely, tibi and fibula |
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