3) Give three examples of miscibility/immiscibility in chemistry and explain how these cases can be qualitatively rationalized using our expression for AGmiz. The examples should be different, e.g. one should discuss a temperature effect, and the other two should focus on systems that might exhibit a small or large value of WAB-
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- 7.5. For this chemical equilibrium in an enclosed system, how many degrees of freedom are there?4. (1) Write the mathematics expression of Gibbs rules. (2) Using the Gibbs rule to discuss of the freedom F of one component system. (3) Draw and discuss the P-T phase diagram of water system.2. Draw a rough phase diagram for a binary system and indicate what phases exist, where they are in equilibrium and how many degrees of freedom exist on each equilibrium line. I
- Please don't provide handwritten solution .... What is the Gibbs energy of mixing 7.5 mol of gas A with 7.0 mol of gas B at 1 atm, 39.3 oC? Enter your answer in units of kJ to one decimal place.Consider the mixing of two perfectly miscible (ideal) organic solvents A and B. Calculate heir respective mole fractions needed to obtain the greatest entropy of mixing.In this problem you will model the mixing energy of a mixture in a relatively simple way, in order to relate the existence of a solubility gap to molecular behavior. Consider a mixture of A and B molecules that is ideal in every way but one: The potential energy due to the interaction of neighboring molecules depends upon whether the molecules are like or unlike. Let n be the average number of nearest neighbors of any given molecule (perhaps 6 or 8 or 10). Let Uo be the average potential energy associated with the interaction between neighboring molecules that are the same (A-A or B-B), and let UAB be the potential energy associated with the interaction of a neighboring unlike pair (A-B). There are no interactions beyond the range of the nearest neighbors; the values of Uo and UAB are independent of the amounts of A and B; and the entropy of mixing is the same as for an ideal solution. Find an expression for the maximum temperature at which this system has a solubility gap.
- What is maximum number of phases that can bein mutual equilibrium in three-component system?Consider the following solutions at 20 °C:I: 0.5 moles trifluoroacetic acid in 1.0 mole of waterII: 0.5 moles trifluoroacetic acid in 1.0 mole of acetonitrileWhich solution would have the greater vapour pressure? Justify your answerfully with calculations7. Assume that the data in the table below stems from a liquid mixture that obeys Raoult's law. mole fraction p(MBenzene)/Torr p(Benzene)/Torr Total x(Methylbenzene pressure/Torr 0 0.30 0.45 0.61 0.84 1 0 7.19 (ii) 14.90 (iv) 25.02 80.00 (i) 43.57 (iii) 11.90 a) Estimate the missing values. b) Estimate the total pressure for each composition. c) Determine which component is more volatile
- Section 9.11 P9.27 G. Ratcliffe and K. Chao [Canadian Journal of Chemi- cal Engineering 47 (1969), 148] obtained the following tabulated results for the variation of the total pressure above a solution of isopropanol (Pj = 1008 Torr) and n-decane (P = 48.3 Torr) as a function of the mole fraction of the n-decane in the solution and vapor phases. Using these data, calculate the activity coefficients for both components using a Raoult's law standard state. I| 2 Р (Torr) X2 Y2 942.6 0.1312 0.0243 909.6 0.2040 0.0300 883.3 0.2714 0.0342 868.4 0.3360 0.0362 830.2 0.4425 0.0411 786.8 0.5578 0.0451 758.7 0.6036 0.04893. The addition of 5 grams of a compound to 750 g of CCI4 lowered the freezing point of the solvent by 10.5K. Calculate the molar mass of the compound. Here is a table that can be found at the back of our reference by Atkins. Table 23 Standard enthalpies of fution and vaporization at the transition temperature, AH(J mol") Fusion T/K Vaperization Fusion T/K Vaporization со, Cs, Elementa 2170 K33 194.6 25.23 1234 I1.30 2436 250.6 1612 4.39 319.4 26.74 Ar 83.81 LI8 87.29 6.506 HO 273.15 6.008 373.15 40.656 Br. 2659 10.57 332.4 29.45 44.016 at 298 K 172.1 6.41 239.1 20.41 HS I87.6 2.377 2128 I867 53.6 0.26 RS.0 3.16 H,SO, 283.5 2.56 H, 13.96 20.38 0.916 NH, 195.4 5.652 239.7 23.35 He 3.5 0.021 4.22 0.084 Organic compounds CH, Hg 254.3 292 629.7 0.941 111.7 15.52 458.4 41.80 ca, 2503 25 350 N, 63.15 0.719 7.35 5.586 89.5 2.86 14.6 14.7 Na 37LO 2601 1156 98.01 GH. 278.61 10.59 353.2 308 S4.36 044 9.18 6.820 178 13.08 342.1 28.85 Xe 161 2.30 165 12.6 354 180 490.9 51.51 334 2.35 80.23 CH,OH…6. The vapour pressure of a liquid in the temperature range 200 K to 260 K was found to fit the expression In(p/Torr) = 18.361 - 3036,8/(T/K). Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid.