3 Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing "a" to 40%, so a = .40 If "a" = .40, and "a" = q, then q = Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q, then p must = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%) Formula: Translation: (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) Substitute numbers: ( x) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) C Work out numbers: 4 p² = 2pq= q² = r + % % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know? 5 (p²) (2pq) (9²) + 6 011 y = 1.0 (100%) & 7 O homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) u * 8 O ( 9 ✓ ) 0 4 11 P
3 Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals 13 heterozygous individuals 1 homozygous recessive individual There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out. Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing "a" to 40%, so a = .40 If "a" = .40, and "a" = q, then q = Remember that p + q = 1.0 If q, then p must = How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive? p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%) Formula: Translation: (pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%) Substitute numbers: ( x) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%) C Work out numbers: 4 p² = 2pq= q² = r + % % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = % x 50 people in the population = Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above). Has microevolution occurred? How do you know? 5 (p²) (2pq) (9²) + 6 011 y = 1.0 (100%) & 7 O homozygous dominant people (AA) heterozygous people (Aa) homozygous recessive people (aa) u * 8 O ( 9 ✓ ) 0 4 11 P
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Michael Cummings
Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 9QP: Using the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics Suppose you are monitoring the allelic and genotypic...
Related questions
Concept explainers
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
Question
Transcribed Image Text:#
3
e
A = all of the dominant alleles for a particular trait in a specific population;
a = all of the recessive alleles for a particular trait in a specific population
In the following equations "A" is represented by "p"; "a" is represented by "q"
Hardy Weinberg equations:
Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals
13 heterozygous individuals
1 homozygous recessive individual
There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from
generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out.
p+q=1.0 (100% of the alleles for this trait in the population)
Explanation of terminology: px p=p² 2 xpxq=2pq qxq=q²
p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (Don't panic! You can do this!)
Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive
genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing "a" to 40%, so a = .40
If "a" = .40, and "a"=q, then q =
Remember that p+q=1.0
If q, then p must =
How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive?
p²+2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%)
Formula:
Translation:
(pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%)
Substitute numbers:
( X ) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%)
Work out numbers:
$
4
r
%
5
(p²) (2pq)
Oll
6
y
(9²)
081
&
7
O
1.0 (100%)
* 00
8
O
(
9
al (44)
✓
O
)
0
✔
P
Transcribed Image Text:3
Allele distributions in Generation 1: 36 homozygous dominant individuals
13 heterozygous individuals
1 homozygous recessive individual
There are 50 individuals in this particular population. We want to see if allele distributions change from
generation to generation. We will use the Hardy Weinberg equations to find out.
Due to migration and random mating of the parent generation, the percentage of homozygous recessive
genotypes in Generation 2 offspring increases, changing "a" to 40%, so a = .40
If "a" = .40, and "a" q, then q =
Remember that p + q = 1.0
If q, then p must =
How many of these 50 offspring are homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive?
p² + 2pq+q² = 1.0 (100%)
Formula:
Translation:
(pxp) + (2xpxq) + (qxq) = 1.0 (100%)
Substitute numbers:
( x) + (2x x ) + ( x ) = 1.0 (100%)
C
Work out numbers:
4
p² =
2pq=
q² =
r
+
%
% x 50 people in the population =
% x 50 people in the population =
% x 50 people in the population =
Compare the allele distribution in Generation 1 with the allele distribution in Generation 2 (above).
Has microevolution occurred? How do you know?
5
(p²) (2pq) (9²)
+
6
011
y
= 1.0 (100%)
&
7
O
homozygous dominant people (AA)
heterozygous people (Aa)
homozygous recessive people (aa)
u
*
8
O
(
9
✓
O
)
0
4
P
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co…
Biology
ISBN:
9781305251052
Author:
Michael Cummings
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co…
Biology
ISBN:
9781305251052
Author:
Michael Cummings
Publisher:
Cengage Learning