22. The trial ion product, Q, when compared to the Solubility Product Constant, K., will indicate if the final products will be insoluble. The equilibrium will shift left if Q is a. equal to K b. less than K c. 100 times less than the value of K d. greater than K 23. If inert gases are added to an equilibrium system, how do they affect it? a. Inert gases will dilute the concentrations of the reactants and products, shifting the equilibrium. b. They will increase both the temperature and pressure, shifting the equilibrium. c. They will increase the pressure, causing a shift in equilibrium position. d. The equilibrium position will not change. 24. Reactions in a chemical system are caused by random impacts between reactant molecules. The frequency of these impacts determines the rate of the reaction. This process is known as a. Le Chatelier's principle b. the law of mass action c. the collision theory d. Dalton's law of partial pressures 25.Distilled water has a pH of 7.00 (neutral pH). Distilled water has a complete absence of ions and will not conduct electricity b. no H₂O ions C. no OH ions d. an equal number of H,O ions and OH ions 26. Which of these acids is the strongest? a. acetic acid b. hydrochloric acid c. hydrocyanic acid d. Ammonia 27. Which of the following bases would have the highest pH value? a. 0.1 mol/L NaOH b. 0.1 mol/L Ca (OH)2 c. 55.5 mol/L H₂O d. 1 x 10 mol/L LIOH

The last value of each dataset in the table may be a questionable value. Apply the Q test with a 95% confidence level and calculate whether these values will be statistically rejected for discarding.

Complete each row of the table below by filling in the missing prefix. 1 | Hz 3 10 Hz %3D 1 Hz 10 Hz -6 1 Hz 10 Hz %3D -1 1 Hz 10 Hz

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