21 Mitochondria contain their own DNA, which encodes 13 proteins. Defects on the mitochondrial DNA can be passed down maternally, leading to a group of diseases called mitochondrial cytopathies. Explain which cell populations you think would be most affected by this disease.

Based on the descriptions given, determine what organelle you think is malfunctioning in each patient.  Name the organelle and 1-2 sentences describing why you think it’s the one described. Patient 1:  Cell division is impaired and the cell has an abnormal shape.   Patient 2:  Various chemical reactions are happening at a reduced rate and cellular export of proteins is diminished.  Patient 3:  Accumulations of old organelles and engulfed particles are making the cells crowded.   Patient 4:  Lethargy; low levels of cellular ATP.

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