Concept explainers
Hard water In an investigation of environmental causes
of disease, data were collected on the annual mortality
rate (deaths per 100,000) for males in 61 large towns in
England and Wales. In addition, the water hardness was
recorded as the calcium concentration (parts per million,
ppm) in the drinking water. The data set also notes, for
each town, whether it was south or north of Derby. Is
there a significant difference in mortality rates in the two
regions? Here are the summary statistics.
Summary of: mortality
For categories in: Derby
Group Count Mean
North 34 1631.59 1631 138.470
South 27 1388.85 1369 151.114a) Test appropriate hypotheses and state your conclusion.
b) The boxplots of the two distributions show an outlier
among the data north of Derby. What effect might that
have had on your test?
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