2.2-4 A steel cable with a nominal diameter of 25 mm (see Table 2-1) is used in a construction yard to lift a bridge section weighing 38 kN, as shown in the figure. The cable has an effective modulus of elas- ticity E = 140 GPa. (a) If the cable is 14 m long, how much will it stretch when the load is picked up? (b) If the cable is rated for a maximum load of 70 kN, what is the factor of safety with respect to failure of the cable?

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the contro…