2. Why is bromination of propane more selective than chlorination of propane? Explain using mechanistic reasoning with reference to Hammond's postulate. Illustrate your answer with appropriate reaction coordinate diagrams.
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- 1. Explain how you could synthesize butane. Be sure to list all reactants and reagents required. 2. Explain how Hammond's postulate accounts for the higher selectivity of bromination reactions as compared to chlorination reactions.Explain how Hammond's postulate accounts for the higher selectivity of bromination reactions as compared to chlorination reactions.4. Describe in table format the following criteria for S,' reactions: (a) strength of nucleophile; (b) substrate (RX); (c) solvent; (d) kinetics; (e) stereochemistry; (f) possibility of rearrangements.
- Refer to the reaction energy diagram to answer parts (a) through (e). (a) The rate-limiting step is: ______. (b) The transition state for the fastest step is: _____. (c) In the third step which intermediate structurally resembles the transition state according to the Hammond postulate? _____. (d) Which step no. is endergonic? _____. (e) The number of intermediates in the overall reaction is: _____.Considering the stoichiometry of the reaction (balance the equation!), what is the net oxidation state difference of the carbons in benzophenone c to benzopinacol? Remember that you have to calculate the oxidation state of the carbons in the product (benzopinacol) and subtract the oxidation state of the carb the reactants (benzophenones). The shortcut is to only calculate the oxidation states of the carbons that seem to have changed their bonding Give a whole number answer with no units. OH hv Ph Ph OH Ph Ph Ph Ph OH Answer:1-pentanol + HBr -> 1-bromopentane Is this substitution reaction reversible? In other words, would one expect to obtain an equilibrium mixture of the alcohol and bromoalkene at the end of the reaction of would one expect this reaction to go to completion? Justify your answer?
- Although benzene is normally written with three double bonds, benzene is not reactive towards many reagents that alkenes normally react with. This lack of reactivity can be explained by the unusual stability created by cyclic conjugation. First, (i) describe at least one of the physical properties of benzene that demonstrates how the true structure of benzene does match the way the structure is normally written. Then, (ii) explain how the unusual stability of benzene can be demonstrated by its thermodynamic properties through some form of experiment. Be sure to (iii) include an appropriately labeled diagram as part of your answer (you do not have to quote any numerical values).Practice Problems Complete and balance each substitution reaction. 1. HOH + (CH3)3CI -> 2. CH3CH2CH3 + C2 Sunlight>Give a clear handwritten answer of this reaction...Give the IUPAC name all reactions given bleow...?
- Markovnikov's rule can best be explained by considering; A. the number of hydrogen atoms attached to each of the double bond carbons atoms. B. the number of alkyl groups attached to each of the double bond carbons atoms. C. the spatial arrangement of the groups around the double bond. D. the relative stabilities of the carbocations that can be formed from each of the double bond carbon atoms.Alkyl halides undergo elimination reactions to produce alkenes by the reacting with strong bases as shown in the following reaction (see image). In general, compounds where the halogen is axial (axial position) are much more reactive than those in which they are in the equatorial position. Taking the above into account: a. Which of the following compounds would give a faster elimination reaction: cis-1-bromo-2-tert-butylcyclohexane or trans-1-bromo-2-tert-butylcyclohexane? Draw the corresponding structures and clearly explain the choice.4. Propose a sequence of steps to carry out the following conversion. ( a) b)