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- Domesticated sheep cells have a total of 54 chromosomes (versus 46 chromosomes in human cells). (a) How many separate DNA molecules are present in a sheep liver cell at the end of the G1 phase? (b) How many separate DNA molecules are present in the daughter cells after meiosis I in the ovary of the sheep? (c) How many separate DNA molecules are present in the daughter cells after meiosis II in the ovary of the sheep?20. Which of the following occurs during mitosis but not during meiosis I? (A) The chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the spindle apparatus. (B) The chromatids of each chromosome are separated. (C) The nuclear envelope breaks down. (D) Both synapsis and crossingover take place. (E) The diploid number of chromosomes is reduced to the haploid number. 21. Oxygen consumption can be used as a measure of metabolic rate because oxygen is (A) necessary for ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation (B) necessary to replenish glycogen levels (C) necessary for fermentation to take place (D) required by all living organisms (E) required to break down the ethanol that is produced in muscles 22. Membranes are components of all of the following EXCEPT a (A) microtubule (В) nu (C) Golgi apparatus (D) mitochondrion (E) lysosome 23. In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP occurs in which of the following? I. Ribosomes II. Mitochondria III. Chloroplasts (A) I only (В) II only (C)…There are 40 chromosomes in somatic cells of the house mouse. (a) How many chromosomes does a mouse receives from its father? (b) How many autosomes are present in a mouse gamete? (c) How many sex chromosomes are in a mouse ovum? (d) How many autosomes are in somatic cells of a female?
- A human cell containing 22 autosomes anda Y chromosome is(A) a sperm.(B) an egg.(C) a zygote.(D) a somatic cell of a male(a) Starting with a fertilized egg (zygote), a series of five cell divisions would produce an early embryo with how many cells? (b) If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many centromeres are there? Explain your answer. (c) Diagrammatically, show a metacentric chromosome in G1 phase of the cell cycle and in G2 of the cell cycle. (d) A cell containing 92 chromatids at metaphase of mitosis would, at its completion, produce two nuclei containing how many chromosomes? (e) If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the functioning of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?1. The somatic cells of cabbage contain 14 chromosomes. How many are present in each cell at the stage of mitosis or meiosis indicated? (Assume cytokenesis to occur at mid- telophase). (a) chromatids at Anaphase-l (b) chromatids at Anaphase (c) chromosomes at Metaphase-l (d) chromosomes at the close of Telophase-I (e) chromosomes at Telophase II.
- True or False. 1. a.) A diploid organism with 2N=8 would have 4 chromosomes in each gamete. b.) Homologous chromosomes do not pair up during asexual cell division. c.) Gametes have the same number of chromosomes as a somatic cell. d.) Cell division would not be possible without the work of DNA Polymerase. Pick one of the FALSE statements from the 4 previous questions and explain why it is incorrect.3. The cells shown in the diagram are in various stages of mitosis or meiosis. All the cells come the same individual (a mammal). (a) What is the diploid number of chromosomes in this animal? (b) Give the names of each stage shown. Mannへ Wwwしwa) In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes condense? (b) If a eukaryotic organism has a total of 34 chromosomes, how many pairs will the chromosomes be arranged in? (c) Define homologous chromosomes.
- Mitosis differs from meiosis in the following ways EXCEPT:(a) Mitosis results in a full complement of chromosomesin two cells, whereas meiosis results in four cells havinghalf the number of chromosomes.(b) In mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas inmeiosis, only half are replicated.(c) Mitosis only occurs in somatic or body cells, whereasmeiosis occurs in production of gametes or sex cells.(d) None of the above.(e) a and c only1. Assume that figure (A) represents a normal karyotype of this animal. What is the diploid number of thisanimal? 2.Cell (A) contains 3.1 billion (3.1 x 109) base pairs of DNA. Each nucleosome has about 200 bp of DNAwrapped around the histone core.a. What is the maximum number of nucleosomes that can be present in the cell?b. What is the maximum number of H2A histone protein molecules that can be present in the cell?A diploid cell has 4C genetic material and 16 chromosomes at the start of cell division. Identify the: (1) no. of chromosome per cell at S phase (2) no. of pairs of homologous chromosomes per cell at Metaphase 1 (3) no. of chromosomes per cell at Anaphase 1 (4) amount of genetic material per cell after Meiosis 2 (5) amount of genetic material per cell after Meiosis 1
