2. Suppose there are n identical consumers, each with a utility function u(x, y): = ax = x²+y.Each consumer has different disposable income w. The price of good x is p dollars, and theprice of composite good y is equal to 1 dollar. Assume a > 0 and b > 0. (Hint: Question 1)(a) Calculate the marginal utility of good x and good y. Then, calculate the marginal rateof substitution between good x and good y.(b) Calculate the individual demand of consumer 1 for good x.(c) Calculate the aggregate demand for good x.(d) Draw a graph showing the market demand curve for good x.(e) Discuss whether an increase in disposable income for each consumer lead to an increasein the consumption of good x? This increase in disposable income can result fromvarious factors, such as a decrease in taxes, government stipends, or other forms ofincome support.(f) Discuss the effect on demand for good x if there is an increase in the price of good x.This increase in the price of good x can result from various factors, such as productioncost increases, supply shortages, increased demand for inputs, tax increases for the good,or regulatory changes.

The objective of the question is to understand the consumer behavior in terms of utility, demand,…

Answered: 2. Suppose there are n identical…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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8. Let be the utility function U(x, y) =(xi + 2ya), , where x and y are the quantities consumed of two goods. (a) Show that the functional equation U(x, y) U(2,2) defines y as a function of x in a %3D neighborhood of point (2, 2). (b) If the quantity consumed of good x increases by 1 unit, by how much does the quantity have to increase or decrease? Consumed of the good and to keep utility constant? (c) If the quantity consumed of good x increases by 1%, by how much does the quantity have to increase or decrease? Consumed of the good and to keep utility constant?
(A) Suppose an individual who derives utility u(x, y) from consuming a units of the good X and y units of the good Y. Prices of goods X and Y are respectively p = 1 and Py = p. Furthermore, the individual has a budget m. What is the demand for Y if the utility function is: u(x, y) = min{x, ay}. (a) y(p, m) = am (b) y(p, m) = = (c) y(p, m)= (d) y(p, m) = = am a+p m a+p m 1+p (B) Same setup as (A) with u(x, y) = ax + y and ap Pr. The quantity demanded of good X is q. Which of the following is true ? (a) The substitution effect increases q but the income effect decreases q and over- come the substitution effect. Overall q decreases. (b) The substitution effect decreases q but the income effect increases q come the substitution effect. Overall q increases. and over- (c) Both the income and substitution effects increase q. Overall q increases. (d) Both the income and substitution effects decrease q. Overall q decreases. (D) Suppose an inferior good X (not Giffen). Its price increases from…
Suppose your utility for goods x1 and x2 is represented by the following utility function: U(x1,x2)= x11/5 x24/5 a) What is your marginal rate of substitution, MRS12? b) If the price for good x1 is p1 = 2, the price for good x2 is p2 = 4, and your available income is m = 20, write down your budget constraint. c) Using the prices and income given at b) above, find your optimal consumption choice bundle (Marshallian demand) and its corresponding utility level. d) Illustrate your optimal consumption choice on a graph. e) For the prices given in b), what income would you need to achieve a utility level of 25?
A consumer has a utility function U(X,Y ) = X1/2 Y1/2 . Prices of the goods are pX = £10 and pY = £5, respectively, and the consumer has income M = £200 to spend on X and Y. Currently, she buys 2 units of good X and spends the rest of her income on good Y.a) Determine this consumer’s current utility level. b) Compute the consumer’s marginal utilities of goods X and Y. c) Explain why the consumer’s current consumption of goods X and Y is not optimal. Should she substitute X for Y or vice versa? The consumer’s marginal rate of substitution is MRS = Y/X.d) Determine this consumer’s optimal consumption of both goods. e) By how much does the consumer’s utility increase when she consumes the optimal bundle?
4. Let u(z) be a utility function that represents the preferences of a household. We say that the function v(r) is a monotonic transformation of u if f(-) is a strictly increasing function and v(z) = f(u(z)). (a) Show that if v(z) is a monotonic transformation of u, it represents the same preforences. (b) Can you explain why taking a monotonic transformation of a utility function does not change the marginal rate of substitution? (c) What kind of preferences are reprosented by a utility function of the form u(a1, 12) = VEi +#2? What about the function v(z1, r2) = 13z + 13r2? (d) Consider the function u(r1, 2) = VE1#2. What kind of preferences does it represent? Is the function (11, r2) jz a monotonic transformation of 1 u(r1, 12)? Is the function w(r1, 12) u(r1, 12)? = zfr a monotonic transformation of
Suppose your utility for goods x1 and x2 is represented by the following utility function: U(x1,x2)= x11/5 x24/5 a) What is your marginal rate of substitution, MRS12? b) If the price for good x1 is p1 = 2, the price for good x2 is p2 = 4, and your available income is m = 20, write down your budget constraint. c) Using the prices and income given at b) above, find your optimal consumption choice bundle (Marshallian demand) and its corresponding utility level. d) Illustrate your optimal consumption choice on a graph. e) For the prices given in b), what income would you need to achieve a utility level of 25? PLEASE ONLY ANSWER PART C, D AND E
Suppose your income is 200, the price of good x is 2, and the price of good y is 3. You know that your utility function is U= 2(xy)^3. (A) What amounts of x and y do you choose? (B) Can you generalize your choices to demand curves for x and y for any prices and income?
Question 2. A consumer has the utility function U(q1,q2) = q10.5 + q2Assume p2 = 1 and Y = 100. What is the equivalent variation of a price increase for good 1 from 1 to 4?
Suppose a consumer with a utility function U(x,y) =x 0.5 y 0.5 and an income of $500.00. Considering that X and Y products are sold by the kilo and that their prices are 25.00 and 50.00 respectively, calculate: a) Maximizing amounts of x and y for the consumer b) Graphically sketch the consumer balance c) Discuss the following statement: "if the consumer's income increases by 20%, the consumer will also consume 20% more of each of the products"
refer to question 1 but answer question 2
Consider the single-good utility function u(x) = 3x². du(x) a) Find the marginal utility of x, MUx = dx b) Plot the utility function and marginal utility function on two separate graphs. c) Does this utility function satisfy the law of diminishing marginal utility? Explain.
1. Consider a consumer who consumes two goods. The utility function is given by u(x1, x₂) /2x1+1+√√√x₂, - where x > 0 denotes the amount of good i = the price of good 1 is 3, the price of good 2 is p2 > 0, and the income is 12. 1,2 consumed. Unless stated otherwise, (1) Calculate the marginal rate of substitution (measuring the value of good 1) at the consumption plan (x₁, x₂) = (3, 4). (2) Calculate the consumption plan that is optimal for the consumer. (3) Let v(p₂) denote the utility level at the optimal consumption plan. Calculate its derivative with respect to p2, i.e., v'(P2), at p2 = 3. (4) Suppose that p2 = 1 and the utility level is 10. Calculate the compensated demand for each good.

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