2. Consider the Markov jump process with generator matrix то 1 1 0 0 0 0 то 1 0 -1 0 0002 OOOTI 00 0 0 2 -4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 1 0 0 то 1 0000 and let (P(t)) be the associated transition semigroup. Find lim∞ P(t). Hint: find the communicating classes and their hitting probabilities.

Please show steps to find solution for markov chain

A Markov chain on states {1,2,3,4,5,6} has transition matrix 0 를 0 0 1 0 % 을 0 을 0 0 0 음 2 3 3 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 6 Find all communication classes and classify each class as either recurrent or transient.

Consider a Markov chain with two possible states, S = {0, 1}. In particular, suppose that the transition matrix is given by Show that pn = 1 P = [¹3 В -x [/³² x] + B x +B[B x] x 1- B] (1-x-B)¹ x +B x -|- -B ·X₁ В

Let X be a Markov chain and let (nrr≥ 0} be an unbounded increasing sequence of positive integers. Show that Yr Xnr constitutes a (possibly inhomogeneous) Markov chain. Find the transition matrix of Y when nr = 2r and X is: (a) simple random walk, and (b) a branching process. =

Suppose that a Markov chain with 3 states and with transition matrix P is in state 3 on the first observation. Which of the following expressions represents the probability that it will be in state 1 on the third observation? (A) the (3, 1) entry of P3 (B) the (1,3) entry of P3 (C) the (3, 1) entry of Pª (D) the (1,3) entry of P2 (E) the (3, 1) entry of P (F) the (1,3) entry of P4 (G) the (3, 1) entry of P2 (H) the (1,3) entry of P

5. Let P be the transition matrix of a Markov chain with finite state space. Let I be the identity matrix, U the |S| x |S| matrix with all entries unity, and 1 the row |S|-vector with all entries unity. Let л be a non-negative vector with Σ; i = 1. Show that лP = if and only if (I-P+U) = 1. Deduce that if P is irreducible then = 1(I-P + U)-¹.

2.- Let X₁, X₁,... be the Markov chain on state space {1,2,3,4} with transition matrix 1/2 1/2 0 0 1/7 0 3/7 3/7 1/3 1/3 1/3 0 0 2/3 1/6 1/6, (a) Explain how you can tell this Markov chain has a limiting distribution and how you could compute it. Your answer should refer to the relevant Theorems in the notes. (b) Find the limiting distribution for this Markov chain. (100) (c) Without doing any more calculations, what can you say about p₁,1 (100) ? and P2,1

A rat is put into the following maze: The rat has a probability of 1/4 of starting in any compartment and suppose that the rat chooses a passageway at random when it makes a move from one compartment to another at each time. Let Xn be the compartment occupied by the rat after n moves.   Explain why {Xn} is a MC and find the transition matrix P . Explain why the chain is irreducible, aperiodic and positive What is the limit of Pn? Find the probability that the rat is in compartment 3 after two In the long run, how many times that the rat enters in compartment 4 in 100 movements?

Suppose that the model pctstck = Bo + Bfunds + Bzrisktol + u satisfies the first four Gauss-Markov assumptions, where pctstck is the percentage of a worker's pension invested in the stock market, funds is the number of mutual funds that the worker can choose from, and risktol is some measure of risk tolerance (larger risktol means the person has a higher tolerance for risk). If funds and risktol are positively correlated, what is the inconsistency in Bj, the slope coefficient in the simple regression of pctstck on funds?