1A Н 2A 0.31 8A 7A 3A 4A БА 6A He 0,28 Be 0.96 Li 1.28 Increasing radius Ne 0,84 0.76 0.71 0.66 0.57 0,58 Mg 1.41 Na 1.66 Si P. Al Ar 1.21 1.11 1.07 |1.05 1.02 1.06 Kr 60 1.53 1.39 1.391.32 |l.26 1.24 1.32 1.22 1.22 1.20 1.19 1,20 1.20 1.16 Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ti Ca Sc a K 2.03 Ge As Se Br Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Sr Y. Zr 1,95 190 1.75 1.64 1.54 147 1.46 1,42 1391451.44 1 42 139 1.39 1.38 1.39 1.40 Rb Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te 2.20 Xe Radius (Å) Increasing radius Figure 7.7 Trends in bonding atomic radii for periods 1 through 5.
Bond Parameters
Many factors decide the covalent bonding between atoms. Some of the bond parameters are bond angle, bond order, enthalpy, bond length, etc. These parameters decide what kind of bond will form in atoms. Hence it is crucial to understand these parameters in detail and understand how changing these parameters affects the kind of bonding or various characteristics.
Bond Dissociation Energy
The tendency of an atom to attract an electron is known as its electronegativity.
In the series of group 5A hydrides, of general formula
MH3, the measured bond distances are P¬H, 1.419 Å;
As¬H, 1.519 Å; Sb¬H, 1.707 Å. (a) Compare these values
with those estimated by use of the atomic radii in
Figure 7.7. (b) Explain the steady increase in M¬H bond
distance in this series in terms of the electron configurations
of the M atoms.
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