Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Please answer this ASAP number 17
Patterns in Extinction and
Biodiversity Data
Scientists want to find the causes of mass
extinctions. To do this, they analyze rock layers
before, during, and after an extinction event. For
example, when studying the Cretaceous-Paleogene,
or K-Pg, mass extinction, they looked at the rock
layers laid down at the beginning of this extinction.
They discovered unusual amounts of a metal called
iridium in one rock layer in many different places of
Earth. Iridium is rare on Earth. But it is common in
The Alphadon was a small mammal that survived the K-Pg
extinction. It likely did so by burrowing underground to avoid
the dangerous conditions.
asteroids. They also discovered tiny glass formations
that are often found near craters caused by meteorite impacts. The high temperature
caused by the impact melts sand. Glass spheres and other shapes form from the melted
sand. Scientists used this evidence to infer that a very large meteorite struck Earth. It
caused large-scale changes to Earth's environment. Large animal species were affected
the most. Nearly all dinosaurs disappeared from the fossil record at this time. Fossil
evidence shows that small mammals that could burrow to avoid the hot temperatures
that resulted from the impact survived. It also shows that surviving species spread and
diversified. Mass extinctions such as this are followed by periods of rapid growth in
Earth's biodiversity.
17. Observe the patterns in
Plant Diversification Over Time
plant diversity shown in
the graph. How might|
species of flowering plants
have survived the K-Pg
Mass extinctions also affect plant species. Some plant families decline
after extinction events. Other plant families increase in number afterward.
Angiosperms, or flowering plants, are a family that diversified over time.
extinction?
600
Angiosperms
500
Cycads
400
Pteridophyte
300
Conifer
200
Ginkgo
100
120
100
Age (millions of years ago)
160
140
80
60
Credit: Adapted from "Quantitative analyses of the early angiosperm radiation" by Scott
Lidgard and Peter R. Crane, from Nature. Adapted by permission from Macmillan
Publishers Ltd: Nature (331), 344. Copyright 1988.
Number of species
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Transcribed Image Text:Patterns in Extinction and Biodiversity Data Scientists want to find the causes of mass extinctions. To do this, they analyze rock layers before, during, and after an extinction event. For example, when studying the Cretaceous-Paleogene, or K-Pg, mass extinction, they looked at the rock layers laid down at the beginning of this extinction. They discovered unusual amounts of a metal called iridium in one rock layer in many different places of Earth. Iridium is rare on Earth. But it is common in The Alphadon was a small mammal that survived the K-Pg extinction. It likely did so by burrowing underground to avoid the dangerous conditions. asteroids. They also discovered tiny glass formations that are often found near craters caused by meteorite impacts. The high temperature caused by the impact melts sand. Glass spheres and other shapes form from the melted sand. Scientists used this evidence to infer that a very large meteorite struck Earth. It caused large-scale changes to Earth's environment. Large animal species were affected the most. Nearly all dinosaurs disappeared from the fossil record at this time. Fossil evidence shows that small mammals that could burrow to avoid the hot temperatures that resulted from the impact survived. It also shows that surviving species spread and diversified. Mass extinctions such as this are followed by periods of rapid growth in Earth's biodiversity. 17. Observe the patterns in Plant Diversification Over Time plant diversity shown in the graph. How might| species of flowering plants have survived the K-Pg Mass extinctions also affect plant species. Some plant families decline after extinction events. Other plant families increase in number afterward. Angiosperms, or flowering plants, are a family that diversified over time. extinction? 600 Angiosperms 500 Cycads 400 Pteridophyte 300 Conifer 200 Ginkgo 100 120 100 Age (millions of years ago) 160 140 80 60 Credit: Adapted from "Quantitative analyses of the early angiosperm radiation" by Scott Lidgard and Peter R. Crane, from Nature. Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature (331), 344. Copyright 1988. Number of species
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