12.23 A microbubble ultrasound contrast agent is injected as a bolus (an injection of sufficient volume and speed of injection to displace all of the blood in a blood vessel for a short distance). By the time the injected material reaches the heart, it has been diluted by the blood to around 5% of the volume. Assume that the impedance is the volume average, the impedance of the contrast agent is 100 and that of blood is the same as that of water. What is the fraction of ultrasound energy reflected at the boundary of normal and infused blood?

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