11. The atoms of a certain element each contain 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which statement correctly identifies this element and describes its chemical reactivity? The element is fluorine, and it is not very reactive. The element is fluorine, and it is highly reactive. The element is sodium, and it is highly reactive. The element is sodium, and it is not very reactive. O O o O

15. Some molecules that are covalently bonded do not have a difference in charge across the mol- ecule. These molecules are referred to as nonpolar. What arrangement of electrons would result in a nonpolar molecule? 16. Some examples of nonpolar molecules include fats, oils, and waxes. How do these substances interact with water? 17. What prediction would you make about why oil and water interact in the way described above?

1. Draw a circle around and give the name of each functional group in the following twomolecules. (Note: each line represents a covalent bond. If no atom is shown, assume there’s a carbon there.)

➡x A x B protein lipid nucleic acid carbohydrate Biomolecule Elements A B Biomolecules are essential to all living things. Which biomolecule is "C" from the above table? C Biomolecules D CHO CHO and sometimes P CHONS CHONP