1. Why is it necessary to calibrate a Pasteur pipette? 2. Cite some possible sources of errors in the calibration of Pasteur Pipette. 3. Cite other procedural techniques that can be used for the calibration of Pasteur Pipette.

Identify specimen VII to specimen XI and give a detailed description of specimen XI

Why Loius Pasteur, Robert Hooke, and Antoni van Leeuwenhoek are the important persons in the field of Microbiology? What are their individual contributions?

What was the significance of the accidental re-inoculation of some chickens that Pasteur had previously exposed to the bacteria that causees cholera? Why do you think these chickens did not die after the first exposure to this bacterium?

Label 37,38,26

Label 34,35,36

What is the importance of Microbiology in the modern world? You must answer with at least 3 sentences. Thank you.

Choose the false statement: (Regarding Pasteur’s famous experiment) The swan necked flasks were important because they allowed the broth to remain sterile, while still remaining open to the atmosphere. Pasteur’s work with the swan neck flasks was only of importance to the food industry; his work occurred long before anyone, including Pasteur, had any awareness that diseases could be caused by microscopic agents. The swan necked flasks were used to prove that life could only arise from pre-existing cells.

Based upon your knowledge of the 5 I's of microbiology, which type(s) of tests were used in this study to identify the group A streptococci in the specimens collected? How were the other four I's also used in this study? Give specific examples.

What are the methods of isolation, extraction and identification of Candida albicans? please indicate the gene markeryou may also include FASTA or FASTQ sequence