Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Study questions -chapt 18
1. Which of the following changes lead to a decrease in entropy?
a. sugar dissolving in coffee
b. mixing of pure gases
c. the sublimation (vaporization) of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)
d. melting snow
e. halving the volume of a gas
2 At what temperatures will a reaction be spontaneous if A,H° = +117 kJ and A,S° =-35 J/K?
3. Calculate A,G° for the following reaction at 425 °C,
(8)I + (3)*H_, (3)IH
given K= 0.018. (R=8.314 J/K-mol)
%3D
4. For a reaction, A,H° = -208.8 kJ and A,S° =-308.2 J/K. At what temperature will A,G° = 0.00 kJ?
%3D
%3D
5. What is the sign of AH
(system) and AS
(system) if a chemical reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures under standard conditions?
HV ε
(system) is negative, and AS
(system) is positive.
HV °q
(system) is negative, and AS
(system) is negative.
HV
(system) is positive, and AS
(system) is positive.
HV P
(system) is positive, and AS
(system) is negative.
e. none of these
6. For which of the following reactions will the entropy of the system decrease?
a. 2 NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3 H2(g)
b. 2 C(s) + O2(g) → 2 CO(g)
C. CACO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
d. 2 NO2(g) → N20:(g)
e. NaOH(s) → Na (aq) + OH (aq)
7. Which of the following linear chain alcohols is likely to have the highest standard entropy in the liquid state?
a. CH;OH
1.
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Transcribed Image Text:Study questions -chapt 18 1. Which of the following changes lead to a decrease in entropy? a. sugar dissolving in coffee b. mixing of pure gases c. the sublimation (vaporization) of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) d. melting snow e. halving the volume of a gas 2 At what temperatures will a reaction be spontaneous if A,H° = +117 kJ and A,S° =-35 J/K? 3. Calculate A,G° for the following reaction at 425 °C, (8)I + (3)*H_, (3)IH given K= 0.018. (R=8.314 J/K-mol) %3D 4. For a reaction, A,H° = -208.8 kJ and A,S° =-308.2 J/K. At what temperature will A,G° = 0.00 kJ? %3D %3D 5. What is the sign of AH (system) and AS (system) if a chemical reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures under standard conditions? HV ε (system) is negative, and AS (system) is positive. HV °q (system) is negative, and AS (system) is negative. HV (system) is positive, and AS (system) is positive. HV P (system) is positive, and AS (system) is negative. e. none of these 6. For which of the following reactions will the entropy of the system decrease? a. 2 NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3 H2(g) b. 2 C(s) + O2(g) → 2 CO(g) C. CACO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) d. 2 NO2(g) → N20:(g) e. NaOH(s) → Na (aq) + OH (aq) 7. Which of the following linear chain alcohols is likely to have the highest standard entropy in the liquid state? a. CH;OH 1.
2.
Chapt 18
b. CH;CH2OH
с. CH-CH.CH-OН
d. CH;CH2CH2CH2OH
e. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
8. The following processes occur spontaneously at 25 °C. Which of these processes is/are endothermic?
NH,NO3 dissolving in water (which is accompanied by a cooling of the water).
the expansion of a real gas into a vacuum (which is accompanied by a cooling of the
1.
2.
gas).
3. liquid water in an ice cube tray freezing into ice after being placed in a freezer.
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 and 2
e. 1, 2, and 3
9. For the combustion of acetylene at 298.15 K,
2 C¿H2(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)
calculate AS (universe) given AS (system) = -194.6 J/K and AH°(system) = -2511.2 kJ.
10. If a chemical reaction occurs in a direction that has a positive change in entropy then
a. the change in enthalpy must be negative.
b. the reaction must be spontaneous.
c. heat goes from the system into the surroundings.
d. the reaction must be exothermic.
e. the disorder of the system increases.
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Transcribed Image Text:2. Chapt 18 b. CH;CH2OH с. CH-CH.CH-OН d. CH;CH2CH2CH2OH e. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH 8. The following processes occur spontaneously at 25 °C. Which of these processes is/are endothermic? NH,NO3 dissolving in water (which is accompanied by a cooling of the water). the expansion of a real gas into a vacuum (which is accompanied by a cooling of the 1. 2. gas). 3. liquid water in an ice cube tray freezing into ice after being placed in a freezer. a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 3 only d. 1 and 2 e. 1, 2, and 3 9. For the combustion of acetylene at 298.15 K, 2 C¿H2(g) + 5 O2(g) → 4 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) calculate AS (universe) given AS (system) = -194.6 J/K and AH°(system) = -2511.2 kJ. 10. If a chemical reaction occurs in a direction that has a positive change in entropy then a. the change in enthalpy must be negative. b. the reaction must be spontaneous. c. heat goes from the system into the surroundings. d. the reaction must be exothermic. e. the disorder of the system increases.
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