1. When a neuron is not generating an action potential, its membrane (the neurolemma) has a resting membrane potential. During rest, are gated Na+ and K+ channels (open? closed?)___________________________________.2. Only cells with “excitable membranes” can create action potentials. The two types of cells in the body that can do this are?___________________________________ and ___________________________________.3. Which event pushes a membrane further away from being able to generate another action potential: (hyperpolarization/depolarization /repolarization)?___________________________________.4. Short-lived, localized changes in polarity in the membrane of a neuron are called?___________________________________.5. During depolarization, which channels are open , Na+ or K+?___________________________________.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.