1. Using all of the rules you have determined, figure out what changes for each of these changes to an atom or ion. If you have new ideas, go back and rewrite your rules. Table 4 What changes also? Element name, charge, mass? Make the change: | Add a proton Remove a neutron Remove an electron Add an electron

1.The Effect of Temperature on Conductivity of Superconductors2. How are conductance and electrical resistance characterized? What is the physical phenomenon that distinguishes conductors, semiconductors, insulators, and superconductors? In metals, how is conductivity affected by defects, temperature, and deformation?5. In semiconductors, how is conductivityaffected by impurities (doping) and temperature?6. Phosphorous is added to high purity silicon to produce a1023 ?3 charges carrier concentration at room temperature. What is this type of material, n or p?7. Calculate the conductivity of this material at room temperature, assuming that the mobilities of electrons andof the gaps are the same as for the intrinsic material?e = 0.14 and ?h = 0.048 ?/ V s.? = 2240(Ω − ?)-1. P why?

4.  The energy of the atom is in part determined by the electrical potential energy of the electron interacting with the proton nucleus, and when the electron is close to the nucleus it is very tightly bound. That's why the energy is negative, and larger in magnitude the smaller n.  What does this tell you about the size of the atom for large n?  Explain your reasoning.

5. Write down the definition of Gauss's law. Determine how we would obtain Coulomb's law from Gauss's law for a single charged particle. What other types of symmetries are there with Guass's law? Under what circumstance does Gauss's law not behave nicely? give an example.