1. Predict how the speed of a pulse will change if we stretch the spring more (that is, we increase the tension T in the spring). Will it increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain why you think so. 2. Suggest or outline an experimental procedure to measure the speed of pulses, v, in the spring. Do this without looking ahead. We just want you to think about how you could measure wave speed. 3. For the pulses travelling in the spring, is your measurement going to be more accurate or less accurate if you measure time for longer travel distance? Why?

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Speed of waves
Name:
Apparatus: Long spring, meter stick, spring scale, stopwatch (or cell phone stopwatch)
Objectives
1. To directly calculate the speed of waves in a stretched spring.
2. To investigate the dependence of wave speed in a spring on its tension.
Part 1: Introduction
In class you learned about propagation of waves in a stretched spring. The speed of waves
(periodic waves or pulses) on a spring depends on the tension and the linear density, u, of
the spring. One way to make direct measurements of wave speed is to create a transverse
pulse in a tight spring of known stretched length and then measure the time taken by that
pulse to move from one end of the spring to the other end. In this experiment we are going
to investigate how the speed of pulses in a given long spring depends on its tension.
1. Predict how the speed of a pulse will change if we stretch the spring more (that is,
we increase the tension T in the spring). Will it increase, decrease, or stay the same?
Explain why you think so.
2. Suggest or outline an experimental procedure to measure the speed of pulses, v, in
the spring. Do this without looking ahead. We just want you to think about how
you could measure wave speed.
3. For the pulses travelling in the spring, is your measurement going to be more
accurate or less accurate if you measure time for longer travel distance? Why?
1
CS Scanned with CamScanner
Transcribed Image Text:Speed of waves Name: Apparatus: Long spring, meter stick, spring scale, stopwatch (or cell phone stopwatch) Objectives 1. To directly calculate the speed of waves in a stretched spring. 2. To investigate the dependence of wave speed in a spring on its tension. Part 1: Introduction In class you learned about propagation of waves in a stretched spring. The speed of waves (periodic waves or pulses) on a spring depends on the tension and the linear density, u, of the spring. One way to make direct measurements of wave speed is to create a transverse pulse in a tight spring of known stretched length and then measure the time taken by that pulse to move from one end of the spring to the other end. In this experiment we are going to investigate how the speed of pulses in a given long spring depends on its tension. 1. Predict how the speed of a pulse will change if we stretch the spring more (that is, we increase the tension T in the spring). Will it increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain why you think so. 2. Suggest or outline an experimental procedure to measure the speed of pulses, v, in the spring. Do this without looking ahead. We just want you to think about how you could measure wave speed. 3. For the pulses travelling in the spring, is your measurement going to be more accurate or less accurate if you measure time for longer travel distance? Why? 1 CS Scanned with CamScanner
Part 2: Data Collection
You'll need to watch the video to see how the experiment is performed and to collect
your data. The video can be found at https://youtu.be/gozewwrNWdE.
We will determine the tension in the spring with a spring scale. Figure 1 shows how
you can hold one end of the spring fixed. Figure 2 shows how you can measure the
tension (T) for a particular length of spring (L). This is done in the provided video
showing the pulses traveling down the spring for different lengths and tensions.
From the video, determine the tension measured and the length of the spring for
each data run and complete the table below. We have analyzed the video frame by
frame to determine the time that the pulse takes to travel the length of the two-
meter stick for each run. Use the data in the table to determine the pulse speed for
each tension.
Figure 2
Figure 1
Spring Length Travel Distance
L (m)
Tension
Travel time
Pulse Speed
T (N)
Ax (m)
At (s)
v (m/s)
2.00
0.47
2.00
0.39
2.00
0.35
2.00
0.30
2.00
0.28
4. Using a spring scale measure and record the mass of the spring (done in the video).
Mass of the spring =
%3|
2
CS Scanned with CamScanner
Transcribed Image Text:Part 2: Data Collection You'll need to watch the video to see how the experiment is performed and to collect your data. The video can be found at https://youtu.be/gozewwrNWdE. We will determine the tension in the spring with a spring scale. Figure 1 shows how you can hold one end of the spring fixed. Figure 2 shows how you can measure the tension (T) for a particular length of spring (L). This is done in the provided video showing the pulses traveling down the spring for different lengths and tensions. From the video, determine the tension measured and the length of the spring for each data run and complete the table below. We have analyzed the video frame by frame to determine the time that the pulse takes to travel the length of the two- meter stick for each run. Use the data in the table to determine the pulse speed for each tension. Figure 2 Figure 1 Spring Length Travel Distance L (m) Tension Travel time Pulse Speed T (N) Ax (m) At (s) v (m/s) 2.00 0.47 2.00 0.39 2.00 0.35 2.00 0.30 2.00 0.28 4. Using a spring scale measure and record the mass of the spring (done in the video). Mass of the spring = %3| 2 CS Scanned with CamScanner
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