1. NaOH 2. H20, HCI

2. Grignard reagents are sources of "“carbanion", a potent base and nucleophile. Write a reaction that shows what happens when methyl magnesium iodide is reacted with a) water, and b) formaldehyde. Show the products expected before any acidification of the reaction product.

Propose steps for the following conversions using a reaction of a diazonium salt in at least one step of each conversion. Q.) Toluene to p-cyanobenzoic acid

7. Answer ALL parts of this question. (a) Answer BOTH parts of this question Reaction of the carboxylic acid below (Scheme Q7(a)) with bromine in the presence of dibenzoylperoxide gives rise to an unstable compound A (CSH&BR2O2) that gives a stable compound B on treatment with a base. The stable compound has IR peaks at 1735 and 1645 cm and NMR peaks at &H (ppm) 6.18 (1H, s), 5.00 (2H, s) and 4.18 (2H, s). Br. Base (PhCO, Scheme Q7(a) (1) What is the structure of the unstable compound A? (i) Show the mechanisms for the two steps in the reaction (b) Answer BOTH parts of this question Tetraphenylporhyrin (TPP) is a singlet sensitiser that reacts with oxygen and can engage in pericyclic reactions (Scheme Q7(b). OH O. TPP hv Scheme Q7(b) (i) Explain the difference between a singlet and a triplet state. (ii) Show the mechanism for the reaction shown in Scheme 07(b) (ii) Consider the below reaction (figure Q7(c)), Show the structure of the product (C) anc the mechanism Scheme Q7 (b)

2. Propose a reasonable mechanism for the following reactions. Label each reagent's role in the reaction. Assume aqueous work up to obtain neutral products. b. Ar- HO OH Ar ZnCl₂ Ar Hint: ZnCl₂ is a Lewis Acid.

US 4. Provide a synthetic route / strategy, leading to the synthesis of compound (D) via electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS). (D) CH2CH3 CH2CH3

Please don't provide handwritten solution ....

4. Purification of the diphenylacetylene product obtained from Part B involves the addition of a water:methanol mixture to the reaction mixture (step d), followed by filtration and washing with water (step e). Explain how these steps allow for the purification of the product. Be sure to outline what starting material(s) or reagents is/are being removed in each step.

6. Predict the major product (or products) formed when each of the following reacts with a mixture of concentrated HNO3 and H2SO4. (a) "Q N H Acetanilide (b) Phenyl acetate (c) 4-Chlorobenzoic acid (d) 3-Chlorobenzoic acid (e) Benzophenone

2. For the reaction scheme below: (i) Suggest a reagent X that could be used to accomplish the first step. (ii) Draw the curly arrow mechanism for the second step in the scheme. он Na