Answered: 1. In the ACI 306R (Recommended…

1. In the ACI 306R (Recommended Practice for Cold-Weather Concreting), explain why higher than ambient concrete temperatures are required placement in cold weather.

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Types of Concrete

Concrete is the fundamental material used in civil engineering such as building materials for building structures. Concrete is an aggregate mixture of cement, sand, and fine and coarse rock pieces. The cement acts as a binding material that holds the compositions together, sets, and hardens with time. Apart from cement, there are other different types of binding materials used, such as lime concrete, bitumen, asphalt, and so on.

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1. In the ACI 306R (Recommended Practice for Cold-Weather Concreting), explain why higher than ambient concrete temperatures are required placement in cold weather.

2. Explain the maturity concept, its application, and its limitations.

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To evaluate the effect of a certain admixture on the flexure strength of concrete, two mixes were prepared, one without admixture and one with admixture.Three beams were prepared of each mix. All the beams had a cross section of 4 in. * 4 in. and a span of 12 in. The third-point loading flexure strength test was performed on each beam after 7 days of curing. The loads at failure of the beams without admixture were 6044, 5071, and 5934 lb, while the loads at failure of beams with admixture were 7299, 7305, and 6983. Determine:a. The modulus of rupture of each beam in psi.b. The average moduli of rupture of the beams without and with admixture.c. The percent of increase of the average modulus of rupture due to adding the admixture.
Three standard mortar cubes were made using nonpotable water available at the job site, and three others were made using potable water. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after seven days of curing and produced the following failure loads in kilograms:Based on these results only, would you accept that water for mixing concrete according to ASTM standards? Why?
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In order to evaluate the suitability of nonpotable water available at the job site for mixing concrete, six standard mortar cubes were made using that water and six others using potable water. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after 7 days of curing and produced the loads to failure (in kN) shown in Table P6.21. a. Based on these results only, would you accept that water for mixing concrete according to ASTM C94? b. According to ASTM C94, are there other tests to be performed to evaluate the suitability of that water? Discuss briefly. TABLE P6.21 Cubes Made with Cubes Made with Potable Water Nonpotable Water 64.6 73.5 70.4 74.8 63.0 79.7 71.6 69.8 70.6 83.7 64.0 74.4
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