1. Here is data testing dosage amounts for a new drug used to treat pain. Due to its recent development, researchers want to know what is the appropriate dosage to treat chronic pain in arthritis patients. Each participant was given either a sugar pill, 50 mg, or 100 mg of the new medication. It is predicted that the 50 mg will be more effective than the placebo, and the 100 mg will be more effective than both the placebo and 50 mg. After a month, each participant rated their pain level. The higher the value, the more pain they felt. Use alpha = .05 Placebo/Sugar Pill 50 mg 100 mg X1 = 14 X2 = 12 X3 = 7 %3! SS, = 932 SS2 = 654 SS; = 620 %3! %3! %3D nį = 40 n2 =40 nz = 40 %3D SSTotal = 3106 A. State the hypotheses. B. Make a decision about the null. C. State your conclusion.

A team of government researchers would like to determine whether a new tax on cigarettes has any effect on people’s smoking behavior. Specifically, they are expecting that by increasing the price of cigarettes, people’s will buy fewer packs of cigarettes (ultimately leading to decreases in cigarette smoking). During the year before the tax was imposed, stores located in rest areas on the state highways reported selling an average of µ = 410 packs per day. The distribution of daily sales was approximately normal. For a random sample of n = 25 days during the first year following the new tax, the researchers found an average of x̅= 380 packs per day for the same stores, with a standard deviation of s = 60. Is the sample mean sufficient to conclude that there was a significant decrease in cigarette purchases after the new tax? Use a one-tailed test with α = .01.

.A new, miracle diabetes drug that diminishes major symptoms of diabetes has been approved by the FDA. Health care professionals and researchers believe that the new drug will prolong lifespan of diabetes patients. If the population is in steady state and the incidence is constant, what will the effect of this new drug be on the prevalence of diabetes in the population? Explain.

You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu. From past studies you know that about 34% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 1926 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 711 experienced nausea. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 34%. a) Identify the null and alternative hypotheses? Ho: ? H₁: ? b) What type of hypothesis test should you conduct (left-, right-, or two-tailed)? left-tailed right-tailed O two-tailed c) Identify the appropriate significance level. d) Calculate your test statistic. Write the result below, and be sure to round your final answer to two decimal places. e) Calculate your…

Over doses from opioids have captured the national spotlight. Rightly so - they kill nearly 30,000 Americas a year and cause more than 1 million hospitalizations. However, the misuse of over-the-counter pain medications (e.g. Tylenol, Advil, Aleve) can cause stomach bleeding, ulcers, liver disease and, in some cases, death. Approximately 80% of Americans use these medications to relieve headaches, backaches, sore muscles, and reduce fever but they are unaware of the dangers if the drugs are not used correctly. A random sample (n=101) of adults were given a questionnaire to ask the question "How often do you use pain medication in one day?". Using the output, histogram, box-whisker plot, and the QQ Plot attached - check the assumption of normality for this data. PainNormalitylnformationoutputhistbox 210317.pdf. 1. continuous 2. H-spread The assumption of normality was checked by comparing the and the median. 3. kurtosis 4. left This suggests that the distribution is slightly skewed. 5.…

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3. Scenario It is believed that large doses of acetaminophen (the active ingredient in over the counter pain relievers like Tylenol) may cause damage to the liver in nearly half of those tested. A researcher wants to conduct a study to estimate if the proportion of acetaminophen users who have liver damage is the same as previously reported. For participating in this study, he will pay each subject $20 and provide a free medical consultation if the patient has liver damage. Part A If he wants to limit the margin of error of his 98% confidence interval to 2%, what is the minimum number of subjects he needs?  (answer should be in the form of x,xxx) the minimum amount of money he needs to set aside to pay his subjects? $  (answer should be in the form of $xx,xxx) Part B The amount you calculated in Part A is substantially over his budget so he decides to use fewer subjects. Will this change increase or decrease the width of his confidence interval?  Will this new confidence interval be…