1. Define band pass filter and notch filter. 2. Explain working of bandpass and notch filter. 3. What is the difference between twin-T and Bridge-T filter? 4. What are the applications of bandpass and notch filters? 5. In what way these filters are playing important role in bass and treble circuits of audio system?

a. What is the significance of the name IIR in the IIR filter? b. How negative feedback is more stable than positive feedback?

CR active filters find extensive use in communications and instrumentation measurements. a) By considering how the capacitor impedance in Figure 1 varies with frequency, explain if the circuit in Figure 1 acts as a low-pass or high-pass filter. p) Derive the closed-loop gain for the case of very high frequencies. c) Draw a graph that shows the frequency response of the CR active high-pass filter. The y-axis should correspond to gain in dBs and the x-axis to frequency. Make sure that you clearly indicate the 3 dB point and the equation that describes the relationship between w and CinRin at the cut-off frequency. Cin Rin A Vin Vout Figure 1