1. At the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard Otto cycle, P: -1 bar, T = 290 K, Vị = 400 cm. The maximum temperature in the cycle is 2200 K and the compression ratio is 8. Determine (a) the heat addition, in kJ. (b) the net work, in kJ. (c) the thermal efficiency. (d) the mean effective pressure, in bar.

A nuclear power plant operates at 75 % of its maximum theoretical (Carnot) efficiency between temperatures of 645 °C and 380 °C. 1. If the plant produces electric energy at the rate of 1.6 GW, how much exhaust heat is discharged per hour?

A monatomic ideal gas initially fills a V0 = 0.35 m3 container at P0 = 75 kPa. The gas undergoes an isobaric expansion to V1 = 1.5 m3. Next it undergoes an isovolumetric cooling to its initial temperature T0. Finally it undergoes an isothermal compression to its initial pressure and volume. 1. Calculate the heat absorbed Q2, in kilojoules, during the isovolumetric cooling (second process).  2. Calculate the change in internal energy by the gas, ΔU2, in kilojoules, during the isovolumetric cooling (second process).  3. Calculate the work done by the gas, W3, in kilojoules, during the isothermal compression (third process).  4. Calculate the change in internal energy, ΔU3, in kilojoules, during the isothermal compression (third process).  5. Calculate the heat absorbed Q3, in kilojoules, during the isothermal compressions (third process).

1) The nickel alloy materials using on the hot section of a jet engine can withstand temperatures of up to 1100 °C (2012 °F or 1373 K) if you add a ceramic coating that number goes up to 1300 °C (2372 °F or 1573 K). Assuming an ideal carnot efficiency in both cases, what is the increase of efficiency from no coating to coating. (Assume Ambient Temperature Exhaust gases to be 25 °C or 298 K)