1. Acetaldehyde (2 carbon aldehyde) is being reacted with hydroxide in ethanol. The hydrogen alpha to the carbonyl is abstracted by the electron pair on the oxygen of the hydroxide giving water. The product enolate has electron pair at the alpha carbon. The enolate can tautomerize which is described next. The electron pair on the alpha carbon can move toward the carbon attached to the oxygen resulting in a new pi-bond being formed. At the same time the pi-bond between the carbon and oxygen breaks with an electron pair flowing to the oxygen. The enolate with the electron pair at the alpha carbon can react with another molecule of acetaldehyde. The electron pair on the alpha carbon can form a sigma-bond with the carbon of the carbonyl simultaneously breaking the pi-bond between the carbonyl carbon and oxygen. The electron pair from the pi-bond moves to the oxygen giving it a negative charge. The electron pair on the oxygen abstracts a hydrogen from the water regenerating hydroxide. The product is an aldol product with the alcohol beta relative to the aldehyde.
1. Acetaldehyde (2 carbon aldehyde) is being reacted with hydroxide in ethanol. The hydrogen alpha to the carbonyl is abstracted by the electron pair on the oxygen of the hydroxide giving water. The product enolate has electron pair at the alpha carbon. The enolate can tautomerize which is described next. The electron pair on the alpha carbon can move toward the carbon attached to the oxygen resulting in a new pi-bond being formed. At the same time the pi-bond between the carbon and oxygen breaks with an electron pair flowing to the oxygen. The enolate with the electron pair at the alpha carbon can react with another molecule of acetaldehyde. The electron pair on the alpha carbon can form a sigma-bond with the carbon of the carbonyl simultaneously breaking the pi-bond between the carbonyl carbon and oxygen. The electron pair from the pi-bond moves to the oxygen giving it a negative charge. The electron pair on the oxygen abstracts a hydrogen from the water regenerating hydroxide. The product is an aldol product with the alcohol beta relative to the aldehyde.
Chapter3: Mechanisms
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 29EQ
Related questions
Question
Draw the reaction
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305580350
Author:
William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305580350
Author:
William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780618974122
Author:
Andrei Straumanis
Publisher:
Cengage Learning