1. (7 points) The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the interconversion of fumarate and malate. Show the mechanism for fumarase converting malate into fumarate as seen below. The enzyme supplies an acid (H-B). H H₂O HO H₂O Soc H 800 H-B

1which test is used to differentiate between fermentative and oxidative metabolism?describe the different result that may be observed with this test. 2.Which of the five hydrolysis tests (starch, casein, triglycerides, tryptophan, and urea) would a positive test result be expected for the etiologic agent of acne, Propionibacterium acnes? Explain

10. General equation of anaerobic oxidation of glucose.

The lipase substrate emulsion contains 0.500 mg of olive oil per 3 mL  Also, the molar mass of the olive oil is 885 g/mol.  If all of the olive oil in a 3 mL reaction is "digested" by pancreatic lipase in a reaction, how many molecules of olive oil have been degraded?

Give Detailed Solution with explanation...(no need Handwritten)

2. A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed with thiamine deficiency and the symptoms include tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions. Laboratory examinations reveal high levels of pyruvate, lactate and a-ketoglutarate. Explain which coenzyme is formed from vitamin B, and its role in oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. For that: a) describe the structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and the cofactors that it requires; b) discuss the symptoms which are connected with the thiamine deficiency and its effects on PDH and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; c) explain the changes in the levels of mentioned metabolites in the blood; d) name the deseribed discase,

8. In patients with diabetes mellitus type 1, the biochemical disorders result from changes in fuel metabolism. One of these signs is acidosis, Explain why such patients have a deviation of blood pH from the norm? For this 9. b) write the reactions of synthesis and oxidation of these molecules, name the enzymes, coenzymes, reaction localization: X

1. Write the reversible reactions with its corresponding enzymes of Dehydration viaHydrolysis reaction. a. Triacylglyceride containing 3 fatty acids such as Oleic, stearic and linoleicacid

1. The following reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme very similar to Class I Aldolases. Write a plausible, detailed mechanism for this reaction: Fructose-6-P + Erythrose-4-P Glyceraldehyde-3-P + Sedoheptulose-7-P CH,OH CH,OH -H- H HO- OH H- H- OH Он OH ČH,OPO,? CH,OPO,2 H. OH CH,OPO,? ČH,OPO,2

31. malate dehydrogenase is interconverted into isozymic forms by oxidizing and reducing agents