The following diagram shows the process_state and other_resources fields of 4 processes in the PCB array. The RCB array showsthe state and the waiting list of 4 resources.439508,3112870 qx3zqy7Jump to level 1The ready list RL contains processes 0 then 3. Consider (1), (2) as independent operations.PCB 0PCB 1PCB 2PCB 3process state runningother resourcesstatewaiting list******CheckfreeRCB 03Next4402***blocked***(1) Process 0 requests resource 2. After the operation:Process 0 is readyResource 2 is Select VRCB 1allocated(2) Process 0 requests resource 0. After the operation:Process 0 is SelectResource 0 is SelectHYblocked3*******RCB 2allocated***ready***RCB 3allocated***Resource 2's waiting list SelectRL contains the processes Ex: 1,2,3Resource 0's waiting list SelectRL contains the processes Ex: 1, 2, 3252>> DDD

A resource allocated to another process is only released after the process completed its operation.…

(1) Process 0 requests resource 2. After the operation: Process D is ready Resource 2 is Select 3 Resource 2's waiting list Select RL contains the processes Ex: 1, 2, 3 (2) Process 0 requests resource 0. After the operation: Process 0 is Select Resource 0 is Select Resource 0's waiting list Select RL contains the processes Ex: 1, 2, 3

(1) Process 0 requests resource 2. After the operation: Process D is ready Resource 2 is Select 3 Resource 2's waiting list Select RL contains the processes Ex: 1, 2, 3 (2) Process 0 requests resource 0. After the operation: Process 0 is Select Resource 0 is Select Resource 0's waiting list Select RL contains the processes Ex: 1, 2, 3

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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A deadlock occurs when a group of processes is stalled because one process is holding a resource and waiting for another process to obtain it. Consider the situation when two trains are approaching each other on the same track and there is only one track: once they are in front of each other, neither train can proceed. In operating systems, a similar scenario happens when two or more processes possess certain resources while waiting on resources owned by other processes (s). In the picture below, Process 1 is holding Resource 1 and waiting for Process 2 to acquire Resource 2, while Process 2 is waiting for Resource 1. Give an example of a realistic deadlock avoidance approach and describe the basic strategy behind it.
Based on the picture attached, please answer the following questions, thank you in advance. (a) Verify that the Available array has been calculated correctly.(b) Calculate the Need matrix. (c) Show that the current state is safe, that is, show a safe sequence of processes. Inaddition, to the sequence show how the Available (working array) changes as eachprocess terminates. (d) Given the request (3,2,3,3) from Process P5. Should this request be granted? Why or why not?
In your opinion what does the term semaphore mean in terms of managing concurrent processes in operating systems. a) consider the case of a non negative counting semaphore S. During an execution, 18P(S) operations and 13 V (S) operations were carried out in some order. What is the largest initial value of S for which at least two P(S) operations are blocked?
Consider four processes with the following start and end times: Process Start Time End Time ABCD 3 5 1 7 6 12 4 9 For each pair of proceses, say whether they run concurrently (Y) or not (N). (a) AB (b) AC (c) AD (d) BC (e) BD (f) CD
A systolic array, which is the kind of array that a MISD machine is an example of, is one type of array. A "wavefront" is another name for a networked pipeline of data processing units, which is exactly what a systolic array is. Since execution begins whenever fresh data is received, none of these components need to make use of a program counter in order to function properly. Every component in a timed systolic array performs computing in "lock-step," which means that each component finishes alternating phases of computation and communication within the span of a single clock cycle.
Consider the following processes and their associated threads running on a multiprocessor system: Process Thread Arrival Time CPU Burst I/O Burst Total CPU Time X X1 0 4 2 11 X2 3 2 4 5 X3 3 2 4 5 Y Y1 5 6 2 14 Y2 5 3 5 7 Z Z1 7 1 1 6 Z2 7 3 2 10 Create a scheduling simulation for these threads on a system with two (2) processors using the First Come First Served (FCFS) algorithm. A thread may migrate from one processor to another if it returns from blocked waiting time and 1) the processor it was running on previously is occupied with other work; and 2) and the other processor is available to execute the thread. If both processors are available when a thread becomes unblocked, it will remain on the processor it was most recently running on. In this simulation, you will be managing a single ready queue that schedules all processes. When two processes arrive in the ready queue at…
you are tasked with analyzing an algorithm which schedulea processes in a multiprogramming system. You are working with a computer that has two CPUs, each CPU having two threads (hyperthreading). You are studying a scenario with three processes: P0, P1, & P2., with run times of 5, 10, & 20 msecs, respectively. All 3 programs are 100% CPU bound, don't block, and always run in the CPU it's assigned to. How long will it take for these programs to complete execution. Show three different possible outcomes (and assigned process to processor, 3 different combinations and resulting total time for all three to complete)
Given memory partitions of 100K, 600K, 400K, 500K, and 300K (inorder), howwould each of the First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fitalgorithms place processes of 117K, 412K, 325K, and 510K (inorder)?
Consider a pair of processes in a shared memory system such that process A updates a data structure, and then sets a flag to indicate that the update is completed. Process B monitors the flag, and starts processing the data structure only after it finds the flag is set. Explain the problems that could arise in a memory architecture where writes may be reordered, and explain how the sfence and lfence instructions can be used to ensure the problem does not occur.
(a) FCFS with a single Ready Queue. A process gets scheduled once one of the CPUsis available. When both CPUs are available, we select CPU1. (b) FCFS with a Ready Queue per CPU. Processes A, B, and C go to CPU1 and processesD, E, and F go to CPU2. (c) HRRN with a single Ready Queue. A process gets scheduled once one of the CPUsis available. When both CPUs are available, we select CPU1.
In the working set model, the idea is to examine the most recent A page references. It is also known as an approximation of the Program's Locality. If the total demand is greater than the total number of available frames (D > m), then it will cause thrashing, because in this case, some processes will not have enough frames. Below you see 3 processes and their expected memory references during their execution. When will the thrashing happen to occur according to the Working set model? Assume total memory (m) is 13 and Delta (A ) is 5. Time: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 6 2 2 6 2 6 2 1 2 4 3 5 4 5 4 6 P1= I 8 6 I 8 6 I 9 4 9 8 I 6 9 9 9 9 P2= P3= 6 2 3 2 6 6 6 6 6 2 1 4 2 2 2 2 2
A systolic array, which is a kind of array, is an example of a MISD machine. A systolic array is a pipeline network or "wavefront" of data processing units structured as a network. Because execution is triggered by the reception of fresh data, none of these components need the usage of a program counter. Each unit in a clocked systolic array computes in "lock-step," with each unit completing alternate calculation and communication phases in a single clock cycle.