(1) Label the following statements as true or false and briefly explain your answer: (a) A spontaneous process always happens very quickly. (b) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy. (2) Consider a reaction with DH = 3.6 kcal/mole and DS = 11.9 cal/(mol*K). Is the reaction spontaneous (a) @ 10 °C and (b) @ 80 °C? Show your work. (3) Calculate the DG for the reaction A + B C+ D at 25 °C when the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 10 mM, [B] = 15 mM, [C] = 3 mM, and [D] = 5 mM. What is the DG for this reaction? Is the reaction exergonic or endergonic under standard conditions? Show your work. (4) Using a chemical drawing program (e.g. ChemSketch or Marvin Sketch), please illustrate an example of 2 reducing and 2 non-reducing sugars. Be sure to indicate the REDUCING END of the 2 reducing sugars (NOTE: most programs include templates with the hexoses and pentoses pre-drawn, feel free to use these templates). (5) There are several qualitative chemical tests available for determining the presence of reducing sugars in solution. a. Please identify and describe two of these tests, briefly indicating how the reducing sugar is chemically detected and how the user reads out the result (2-3 sentences max, per test). b. Using a chemical test for a reducing sugar, please indicate whether the following carbohydrates would test POSITIVE as a reducing sugar (Yes or No): 1. Mannose 2. Lactose 3. Amylose 4. α-D-Glucose 5. Maltose 6. Trehalose 7. a-Methyl-D-Mannoside 8. Glycogen 9. Sucrose 10. Cellobiose
(1) Label the following statements as true or false and briefly explain your answer: (a) A spontaneous process always happens very quickly. (b) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy. (2) Consider a reaction with DH = 3.6 kcal/mole and DS = 11.9 cal/(mol*K). Is the reaction spontaneous (a) @ 10 °C and (b) @ 80 °C? Show your work. (3) Calculate the DG for the reaction A + B C+ D at 25 °C when the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 10 mM, [B] = 15 mM, [C] = 3 mM, and [D] = 5 mM. What is the DG for this reaction? Is the reaction exergonic or endergonic under standard conditions? Show your work. (4) Using a chemical drawing program (e.g. ChemSketch or Marvin Sketch), please illustrate an example of 2 reducing and 2 non-reducing sugars. Be sure to indicate the REDUCING END of the 2 reducing sugars (NOTE: most programs include templates with the hexoses and pentoses pre-drawn, feel free to use these templates). (5) There are several qualitative chemical tests available for determining the presence of reducing sugars in solution. a. Please identify and describe two of these tests, briefly indicating how the reducing sugar is chemically detected and how the user reads out the result (2-3 sentences max, per test). b. Using a chemical test for a reducing sugar, please indicate whether the following carbohydrates would test POSITIVE as a reducing sugar (Yes or No): 1. Mannose 2. Lactose 3. Amylose 4. α-D-Glucose 5. Maltose 6. Trehalose 7. a-Methyl-D-Mannoside 8. Glycogen 9. Sucrose 10. Cellobiose
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
![(1) Label the following statements as true or false and
briefly explain your answer:
(a) A spontaneous process always happens very
quickly.
(b) A spontaneous process can occur with a large
decrease in entropy.
(2) Consider a reaction with DH
=
3.6 kcal/mole and
DS = 11.9 cal/(mol*K). Is the reaction spontaneous
(a) @ 10 °C and (b) @ 80 °C? Show your work.
(3) Calculate the DG for the reaction A + B
C+
D at 25 °C when the equilibrium concentrations are
[A] = 10 mM, [B] = 15 mM, [C] = 3 mM, and [D] = 5
mM. What is the DG for this reaction? Is the
reaction exergonic or endergonic under standard
conditions? Show your work.
(4) Using a chemical drawing program (e.g.
ChemSketch or Marvin Sketch), please illustrate an
example of 2 reducing and 2 non-reducing
sugars. Be sure to indicate the REDUCING END of
the 2 reducing sugars (NOTE: most programs
include templates with the hexoses and pentoses
pre-drawn, feel free to use these templates).
(5) There are several qualitative chemical tests
available for determining the presence of reducing
sugars in solution.
a. Please identify and describe two of these tests,
briefly indicating how the reducing sugar is
chemically detected and how the user reads out
the result (2-3 sentences max, per test).
b. Using a chemical test for a reducing sugar,
please indicate whether the following
carbohydrates would test POSITIVE as a
reducing sugar (Yes or No):
1. Mannose
2. Lactose
3. Amylose
4. α-D-Glucose
5. Maltose
6. Trehalose
7. a-Methyl-D-Mannoside
8. Glycogen
9. Sucrose
10. Cellobiose](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6f3e5576-0f79-4ac1-b31d-3e0bb619ebe7%2F51cf55f6-eab8-4b4c-a156-43f9be8b9ce3%2F7mu3zlk_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:(1) Label the following statements as true or false and
briefly explain your answer:
(a) A spontaneous process always happens very
quickly.
(b) A spontaneous process can occur with a large
decrease in entropy.
(2) Consider a reaction with DH
=
3.6 kcal/mole and
DS = 11.9 cal/(mol*K). Is the reaction spontaneous
(a) @ 10 °C and (b) @ 80 °C? Show your work.
(3) Calculate the DG for the reaction A + B
C+
D at 25 °C when the equilibrium concentrations are
[A] = 10 mM, [B] = 15 mM, [C] = 3 mM, and [D] = 5
mM. What is the DG for this reaction? Is the
reaction exergonic or endergonic under standard
conditions? Show your work.
(4) Using a chemical drawing program (e.g.
ChemSketch or Marvin Sketch), please illustrate an
example of 2 reducing and 2 non-reducing
sugars. Be sure to indicate the REDUCING END of
the 2 reducing sugars (NOTE: most programs
include templates with the hexoses and pentoses
pre-drawn, feel free to use these templates).
(5) There are several qualitative chemical tests
available for determining the presence of reducing
sugars in solution.
a. Please identify and describe two of these tests,
briefly indicating how the reducing sugar is
chemically detected and how the user reads out
the result (2-3 sentences max, per test).
b. Using a chemical test for a reducing sugar,
please indicate whether the following
carbohydrates would test POSITIVE as a
reducing sugar (Yes or No):
1. Mannose
2. Lactose
3. Amylose
4. α-D-Glucose
5. Maltose
6. Trehalose
7. a-Methyl-D-Mannoside
8. Glycogen
9. Sucrose
10. Cellobiose
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