Advanced Engineering Mathematics
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780470458365
Author: Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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**Problem Statement:**

Evaluate the triple integral 

\[
\iiint\limits_{E} \frac{1}{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}\, dV
\]

where \( E \) lies between the spheres \( x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 25 \) and \( x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 49 \) in the first octant.

**Explanation:**

This problem requires evaluating a triple integral over a region \( E \) that is confined between two concentric spheres. The inner sphere has a radius of \(\sqrt{25} = 5\) and the outer sphere has a radius of \(\sqrt{49} = 7\). The region of integration is restricted to the first octant, meaning that \( x, y, \) and \( z \) are all non-negative.

The expression within the integral, \( \frac{1}{x^2 + y^2 + z^2} \), is a function of the distance to the origin, indicating that spherical coordinates might be useful for simplification.

**Approach:**

1. **Convert to Spherical Coordinates:**
   - In spherical coordinates, \( x = \rho \sin \phi \cos \theta \), \( y = \rho \sin \phi \sin \theta \), \( z = \rho \cos \phi \).
   - The differential volume element is \( dV = \rho^2 \sin \phi \, d\rho \, d\phi \, d\theta \).

2. **Set up the Integral Bounds:**
   - Radius (\( \rho \)) ranges from 5 to 7.
   - Angle (\( \phi \)) ranges from 0 to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\) due to the first octant restriction.
   - Angle (\( \theta \)) ranges from 0 to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\).

3. **Evaluate the Integral:**
   - Substitute into the integral and evaluate over the specified bounds.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** Evaluate the triple integral \[ \iiint\limits_{E} \frac{1}{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}\, dV \] where \( E \) lies between the spheres \( x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 25 \) and \( x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 49 \) in the first octant. **Explanation:** This problem requires evaluating a triple integral over a region \( E \) that is confined between two concentric spheres. The inner sphere has a radius of \(\sqrt{25} = 5\) and the outer sphere has a radius of \(\sqrt{49} = 7\). The region of integration is restricted to the first octant, meaning that \( x, y, \) and \( z \) are all non-negative. The expression within the integral, \( \frac{1}{x^2 + y^2 + z^2} \), is a function of the distance to the origin, indicating that spherical coordinates might be useful for simplification. **Approach:** 1. **Convert to Spherical Coordinates:** - In spherical coordinates, \( x = \rho \sin \phi \cos \theta \), \( y = \rho \sin \phi \sin \theta \), \( z = \rho \cos \phi \). - The differential volume element is \( dV = \rho^2 \sin \phi \, d\rho \, d\phi \, d\theta \). 2. **Set up the Integral Bounds:** - Radius (\( \rho \)) ranges from 5 to 7. - Angle (\( \phi \)) ranges from 0 to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\) due to the first octant restriction. - Angle (\( \theta \)) ranges from 0 to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\). 3. **Evaluate the Integral:** - Substitute into the integral and evaluate over the specified bounds.
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