Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Which option best describes the pedigree 

# Pedigree Analysis: Identifying Inheritance Patterns

## Overview

Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool in genetics to study the inheritance of traits in families. This tool allows us to track the occurrence and predict the probability of traits and genetic disorders passing from one generation to the next.

## Explanation of Diagram

The given diagram represents a pedigree chart, which is used to analyze a trait (or disorder) within a family. This particular pedigree involves three generations and includes both males (squares) and females (circles). 

### Generation I
- **Individual 1**: Female (affected, represented by filled circle)
- **Individual 2**: Male (unaffected, represented by an unfilled square)

### Generation II
- **Individuals 1 and 2**: Both are affected females (filled circles)
- **Individuals 3 and 4**: Both are unaffected males (unfilled squares)
- **Individual 5**: Affected male (filled square)
  
### Generation III
- **Individual 1**: Affected female (filled circle)
- **Individual 2**: Unaffected male (unfilled square)
- **Individuals 3 and 4**: Both are unaffected males (unfilled squares)
- **Individual 5**: Affected male (filled square)
- **Individual 6**: Unaffected male (unfilled square)


## Interpreting the Inheritance Pattern

The chart provides a clear visual of the inheritance pattern. The individuals who are affected by the trait in question are shaded, whereas those unaffected are left unshaded. By analyzing the pattern across generations, one can determine whether the trait follows an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance pattern.

**Options for the mode of inheritance**:
1. **Autosomal Recessive**
2. **Autosomal Dominant**

### Potential Analysis:
- **Autosomal Dominant Inheritance**: If a trait is autosomal dominant, at least one parent must be affected to pass the trait to the offspring. Observing the chart, we notice that affected individuals appear in every generation which hints towards a dominant pattern.

### Conclusion:
Based on the given pedigree chart, the trait appears to follow an autosomal dominant pattern. This is inferred from the pattern of inheritance wherein the trait is seen in multiple members across three generations and does not skip a generation.

Make sure to consult with a genetic counselor or medical professional for accurate diagnosis and analysis.
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Transcribed Image Text:# Pedigree Analysis: Identifying Inheritance Patterns ## Overview Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool in genetics to study the inheritance of traits in families. This tool allows us to track the occurrence and predict the probability of traits and genetic disorders passing from one generation to the next. ## Explanation of Diagram The given diagram represents a pedigree chart, which is used to analyze a trait (or disorder) within a family. This particular pedigree involves three generations and includes both males (squares) and females (circles). ### Generation I - **Individual 1**: Female (affected, represented by filled circle) - **Individual 2**: Male (unaffected, represented by an unfilled square) ### Generation II - **Individuals 1 and 2**: Both are affected females (filled circles) - **Individuals 3 and 4**: Both are unaffected males (unfilled squares) - **Individual 5**: Affected male (filled square) ### Generation III - **Individual 1**: Affected female (filled circle) - **Individual 2**: Unaffected male (unfilled square) - **Individuals 3 and 4**: Both are unaffected males (unfilled squares) - **Individual 5**: Affected male (filled square) - **Individual 6**: Unaffected male (unfilled square) ## Interpreting the Inheritance Pattern The chart provides a clear visual of the inheritance pattern. The individuals who are affected by the trait in question are shaded, whereas those unaffected are left unshaded. By analyzing the pattern across generations, one can determine whether the trait follows an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. **Options for the mode of inheritance**: 1. **Autosomal Recessive** 2. **Autosomal Dominant** ### Potential Analysis: - **Autosomal Dominant Inheritance**: If a trait is autosomal dominant, at least one parent must be affected to pass the trait to the offspring. Observing the chart, we notice that affected individuals appear in every generation which hints towards a dominant pattern. ### Conclusion: Based on the given pedigree chart, the trait appears to follow an autosomal dominant pattern. This is inferred from the pattern of inheritance wherein the trait is seen in multiple members across three generations and does not skip a generation. Make sure to consult with a genetic counselor or medical professional for accurate diagnosis and analysis.
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