1 0 O 1 the 2 x 2 identity matrix. Let A = 0 1 (a) Show that the characteristic equation of A is 1² – 21 + 1 = 0. Its eigenvalues are X = 1 and 2 = 1. %3D

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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1 0
Let A =
the 2 x 2 identity matrix.
(a) Show that the characteristic equation of A is
1² – 21 + 1 = 0.
Its eigenvalues are A = 1 and X2 = 1.
(b) We now perturb one coefficient of the characteristic polynomial slightly and con-
sider the equation
1² – 21 + (1 – e) = 0,
where 0 < e « 1. Solve the equation for the roots A1 and Ä2.
(c) Show that when e = 10-12, |Â1 –| and |Â2 – A2| are one million times bigger
than ɛ.
(d) Sketch the graphs of the original and perturbed polynomials (using some e big-
ger than 10-12, for example 0.01), to give some indication why the roots are so
sensitive to the ɛ pertubation.
Transcribed Image Text:1 0 Let A = the 2 x 2 identity matrix. (a) Show that the characteristic equation of A is 1² – 21 + 1 = 0. Its eigenvalues are A = 1 and X2 = 1. (b) We now perturb one coefficient of the characteristic polynomial slightly and con- sider the equation 1² – 21 + (1 – e) = 0, where 0 < e « 1. Solve the equation for the roots A1 and Ä2. (c) Show that when e = 10-12, |Â1 –| and |Â2 – A2| are one million times bigger than ɛ. (d) Sketch the graphs of the original and perturbed polynomials (using some e big- ger than 10-12, for example 0.01), to give some indication why the roots are so sensitive to the ɛ pertubation.
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