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4. Investigators are trying to determine if the contamination of a town well led to significant increases in adverse health effects. During the period of time when water was consumed from this contaminated well, there were 16 birth defects among 414 births. After this well was shut off, there were 3 birth defects among 228 births. You asked to determine if the rate of birth defects was higher when the contaminated well was in use.
a. Clearly define what the exposure is and what the outcome is.
b. Estimate the
c. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion of birth defects when the contaminated water was consumed. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion of birth defects when the well was shut off. Confirm your answers using Stata.
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nvestigators are trying to determine if the contamination of a town well was associated with adverse health effects in the community. During the period of time when water was consumed from this contaminated well, there were 16 birth defects among 414 births. After this well was shut off, there were 3 birth defects among 228 births. You asked to determine if the rate of birth defects was higher when the contaminated well was in use.
Calculate and interpret the 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion of birth defects when the contaminated water was consumed
nvestigators are trying to determine if the contamination of a town well was associated with adverse health effects in the community. During the period of time when water was consumed from this contaminated well, there were 16 birth defects among 414 births. After this well was shut off, there were 3 birth defects among 228 births. You asked to determine if the rate of birth defects was higher when the contaminated well was in use.
Calculate and interpret the 95% confidence interval for the true population proportion of birth defects when the contaminated water was consumed
- information is also recorded on males/females in the community. Please use the information to answer the question below. Population Deaths 238 Deaths due to Jingle Jangle 143 Deaths due to Fizzle Rocks 45 Deaths due to Other Causes Males 251,480 40.0 per 100,000 56.86 per 100,000 22.94 per 100,000 79.8 per 100,000 50 Females 248,520 221 57 21 143 What is the cause-specific mortality rate pertaining to deaths from Jingle Jangle among the population living in Riverdale this year?arrow_forwardInvestigators are trying to determine if the contamination of a town well led to significant increases in adverse health effects. During the period of time when water was consumed from this contaminated well, there were 16 birth defects among 414 births. After this well was shut off, there were 3 birth defects among 228 births. You asked to determine if the rate of birth defects was higher when the contaminated well was in use. a. Test the claim that the contaminated well was not associated with a change in the rate of birth defects in the community at the alpha = 0.05 level, by using the two-proportion z test. Confirm your answers using Stata. b. Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the true difference between the proportions of birth defects when the contaminated well was in use versus when the well was shut down. c. Construct the 2x2 contingency table representing the data to Calculate the odds of a birth defect when the contaminated water was consumed and when the well was shut…arrow_forwardFollow PHANTOMS acronymarrow_forward
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- On March 28, 1979, the nuclear generating facility at Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, began discharging radiation into the atmosphere. People exposed to even low levels of radiation can experience health problems ranging from very mild to severe, even causing death. A local newspaper reported that 11 babies were born with kidney problems in the three-county area surrounding the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant. The expected value for that problem in infants in that area was 3. Answer the following questions. 7. Do you think that pregnant mothers living in that area should be overly concerned after looking at the results in terms of rates?arrow_forwardinformation is also recorded on males/females in the community. Please use the information to answer the question below. Population Deaths 238 Deaths due to Jingle Jangle 143 Deaths due to Fizzle Rocks 45 Deaths due to Other Causes Males 251,480 40.0 per 100,000 56.86 per 100,000 22.94 per 100,000 79.8 per 100,000 50 Females 248,520 221 57 21 143 What is the cause-specific mortality rate pertaining to deaths from Jingle Jangle among the population living in Riverdale this year?arrow_forwardSleep apnea is a condition in which the sufferers stop breathing momentarily while they are asleep. This condition results in lack of sleep and extreme fatigue during waking hours. A current estimate is that 16.3 million out of the 312.7 million Americans suffer from sleep apnea, or approximately 5.2%. A safety commission is concerned about the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea. They do not have any reason to believe that it would be higher or lower than the population’s percentage. To test the claim that the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea is not 5.2%, a simple random sample of 380380 commercial truck drivers is examined by a medical expert, who concludes that 29 suffer from sleep apnea. Does this evidence support the claim that the percentage of commercial truck drivers who suffer from sleep apnea is not 5.2%? Use a 0.01 level of significance. Step 1 of 3 : State the null and alternative hypotheses for the test.…arrow_forward
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