Answer – The golden blood type is Rh-null.
Explanation:
The Rh-null blood group is the rarest blood group globally. It indicates the absence of Rh antigens in red blood cells. Generally, antigens (sugars or proteins on the surface of red blood cells) determine the blood types of a person, and they are categorized into A, B, O, or AB. This ABO system further classifies blood as Rh-positive or Rh-negative based on the presence or absence of the Rh factor’s D antigen (rhesus factor D protein).
A person with the golden blood group lacks all Rh antigens and must rely on a small network of regular Rh-null donors for transfusions, as there are only a few active donors for this blood type worldwide. Therefore, it’s called golden. On the other hand, Rh-null blood can be accepted by anyone but with a rare blood type within the Rh system.
The golden blood type results from conditions caused by genetic mutations, commonly observed in the Rh-Associated Glycoprotein (RHAG) gene. Factors increasing the likelihood of having the golden blood group include consanguineous marriages (between relatives), autosomal genes carrying hereditary disease traits, and changes or complete deletion of specific factors like Rh blood group D antigen (RHD).
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