Values are standards of conduct that shape the way an individual behaves. They have been around for centuries, guiding people and their decisions. The book The Odyssey, by Homer and translated by Robert Fitzgerald, talks about many characters and their virtues. The Odyssey is about how Odysseus angers different Gods, which results in his long escapade home after the Trojan War. Odysseus’ trials during his journey home help expand his values and those of his community. Throughout the book, different characters showcase their moral values - or lack thereof - through their actions and words. One value The Odyssey illustrates is techne. Techne is about possessing virtuous skills like stringing a bow or sailing a ship. A few of the characters such …show more content…
Stringing a bow with this amount of strength effortlessly is a hard and technical task. Almost everybody can string a bow, but Odysseus’ bow is so hard to string that none of the suitors can string it. When Odysseus strings his bow and shoots an arrow through the axe heads, he shows technique because no one else can do this skill. Xenia is another virtuous trait from Ancient Greece. It is hospitality and the rituals that go along with it. The main characters that exhibit this value - or lack thereof - are the suitors and the forester. When Odysseus arrived at the forester’s house “The forester now led him to his hut and made a couch for him, with tips of fur piled for a mattress under a wild goat skin, shaggy and thick, his own bed covering". Book XIV, Lines 56 - 59. Xenia is the custom of hospitality that the Greeks lived by. When Odysseus arrives at the Eumauis’ home, Eumauis gives him the clothes off of his back even though he has no idea who Odysseus is. He also makes him a bed with the nicest bedding he owns. Xenia is not always shown in the Odyssey by its characters. But the characters that do not show Xenia are characters that are not portrayed …show more content…
This quote demonstrates sophrosyne because Eumais, Telemakhos, and Odysseus all want the suitors to be dealt with, but Telemakhos is the only one that is thinking clearly and knows that the three of them against 30 suitors with access to weapons will not end with them winning and one of them might even die. Telemakhos at this moment has more sophrosyne than his father, which is impressive because sophrosyne is typically gained by experience. Since sophrosyne is about controlling your emotions, especially strong ones like rage, this quote is a great example of that. After forming this plan, Eumais and Odysseus walk to Odysseus’ manor. No one knows if it is Odysseus because he is dressed as a beggar. As they walk to the manor, the goat herder crosses their path and spits at Odysseus. Odysseus thinks “whether to whirl and beat the life out of this fellow with his stick, or toss him, brain him on the stony ground. Then he controlled himself, and bore it quickly." (Book XVII, Lines 300 - 304). Odysseus used sophrosyne to not kill a man that was disrespecting him. This is very hard for Odysseus because Odysseus loves to show off, but he knows that he also has to stay in control to get his wife and life
The Importance of Xenia in The Odyssey and it’s Consequences One of the most important themes in The Odyssey is the concept of xenia, which is the old Greek word for hospitality. In modern times, hospitality is something we rarely think of, and the first thing that comes to mind is the hotel industry, but in ancient Greece, xenia was not about hotels, or just about etiquette, it was a way of life with many benefits in a world that was still mostly savage. Xenia was more than just being polite to
The “Telemachia” nestled within Homer’s Odyssey chronicles Telemachos’s journey to understand what it truly means to live as a man with arete. Xenia, Greek for hospitality, is paramount to the fundamental understanding of Greek culture. Enforced by the almighty Zeus, xenia demands a mutual generosity between the host and guest. Host’s are encouraged to provide a regal presentation of food, drink, and entertainment for their guest without a second consideration. In return, guest’s reciprocate this
Travel within The Odyssey is an important part of Homer’s epic because it helps to identify important characters, locations, and story-points within the narrative as well as move the story along to its conclusion. The Odyssey is one of the most influential pieces of classic literature that has ever been written. This is so because it was among the first to employ such modes and tropes of classic literature as the quest-narrative, portal-narrative and the concept of travel, when split among Odysseus
Xenia in The Odyssey a central theme of every journey. However, Telemachus’ journey consists entirely of exploring xenia. At the start of the Telemache, the prince only knows the pseudo-xenia of the suitors, and his faith is crushed under it. As he travels from his homeland, to Pylos, to Sparta, and finally back to Ithaca, he regains faith, little by little. He begins to believe in himself again, in the gods again, and finally, in his father. In fact, the kind of xenia Telemachus receives reflects
One of the most important themes in the Odyssey is the concept of Xenia, which in Greek means hospitality. Hospitality in the time of Homer is not the same hospitality you get in hotels today. Xenia or hospitality is a way of life, and how you treat your guests was tied to your religion and was guarded by Zeus. Examples of xenia would be allowing guests into your home, feeding your guests a meal, offering your guest gifts, and allowing your guest to rest in your residence among other things. This
Xenia in The Odyssey Germany is allowing open borders to the refuges of Syria, an estimate of 800,000 people in 2015 alone, as an amazing display of hospitality, or as the Greeks call it, xenia. Xenia is an important feature in The Odyssey, an epic poem written by Homer in the 8th century B.C. Homer effectively uses xenia as a way to show that the gods need to be respected. He emphasizes the need for respect by showing what will happen if xenia is broken. If one breaks xenia, the gods will punish
In Homer’s lifetime, hospitality(Xenia) was displayed differently than it is today. People don't want to interact with strangers. In fact, if someone rings our doorbell unexpectedly, we want nothing to do with it. The people of Homer’s time however, were know to show massive amounts of hospitality(Xenia) to friends, family, and most importantly, leaders or gods. Telemakhos demonstrates hospitality(Xenia) in book I of The Odyssey by helping his father return home. As a result of helping
The concept of Host Relations Hospitality, commonly known as xenia, emerges as a cornerstone in Homer's epic poem, "The Odyssey," encapsulating the essence of ancient Greek societal dynamics. This age-old concept revolves around reciprocal hospitality between hosts and guests, portraying a fundamental theme that intricately weaves through the narrative. By delving into the fabric of this concept through meticulous close reading and analysis of key episodes within the epic, we unearth profound insights
According to the Greeks, the suitors plotting to kill Telemachus would not be considered an acceptable part of the Greek culture. The Odyssey, written by Homer, tells the story of Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, who leaves for war and is constantly fighting with the gods in order to return home. Meanwhile, while he is gone, his house is filled with over 100 suitors, who all believe he is dead and wish to take his wife, Penelope. After 20 years, Odysseus is finally able to return home, to find his country
Significance of Xenia in the Works of Homer: Hospitality in the Illiad and the Odyssey The concept of Xenia was extremely significant in ancient Greek culture. As such, it played a prominent role in the works of authors, most specifically Homer. In fact, some of the most significant information we have about the concept of Xenia, as it relates to cultural norms come from the work of Homer, and the examples of hospitality demonstrated in the protagonist’s journeys in the Iliad and the Odyssey. More specifically
Xenia, the Greek concept of hospitality and guest-host relationship, was an important tradition that almost everyone lives by. One example of Homeric Greeks that followed Xenia were the Phaeacians. The Phaeacians had complied with the tradition by hosting Odysseus on their island. Another example of someone who follows Xenia are the Pylians, who had greeted Telemachus and treated him with the proper respect that Xenia demands. Although many follow Xenia, there are those who do not. The Cyclops, Polyphemus
Prompt 1 Homer’s The Odyssey is based during ancient Greek times when good xenia, or hospitality, is expected from both the host and guest. Throughout the epic, both good and bad xenia is shown, but the expected good xenia is not shown by everyone, even Odysseus. On Odysseus’ journey he visits many kingdoms, most of which are welcoming. One of the first places he visits on his journey home is the land of the Laestrygonians. The inhabitants of this island are giant cannibals, and the first giant
He couldn't have know his father, a true man, would be gone so long, yet he begins to find his way in the “Telemachia” of the Odyssey by Homer. The disrespectful behavior and boorish characteristics of the suitors provide a critical contrast to the ideal Greek values of “xenia”, good public speaking , and respect for the elders and superiors that Telemachus develops throughout the epic as he travels to Pylos and Sparta. Telemachus learns to encompass the true Greek values of man through meeting with
Xenia is the ancient Greek concept of hospitality – the generous and courtesy shown to those who are far from home. The rituals of hospitality created and expressed a reciprocal relationship between guest and host, with both parties receiving benefits. Hospitality was well shown through the long travels of Odysseus in the epic “The Odyssey.” In the story, the importance of hospitality goes beyond being a gracious host. In “The Odyssey,” the reciprocity of guest-host relationships can become vicious
Representation of The Xenia Code In book six of the Odyssey the xenia code is strongly shown through the actions between Nausicaa and Odysseus. Throughout book 6, Nausicaa, despite fearing him at first, shows great kindness to Odysseus, offers him directions and a partial escort to her father’s house, and advice on how to get favors from her family to get home. While Nausicaa is showing kindness and offering a great example of the xenia code, what is the xenia code? The Xenia Code is how hosts must