Assess the impact of World War I on the the tsarist regime.
World War I played a crucial role in the downfall of Nicholas II and his regime. The lack of planning and ill-prepared armies, as well as, inflation and hardships for the people of Russia all contributed to the toppling of the Tsarist regime.
Russia was not prepared financially for the liabilities of war and lacked equipment and supplies that were required to successfully engage their enemy. The monarchy was temporarily strengthened, with Russia alliancing with France and Britain to fight their common enemy, Germany and Austria-Hungary. It appeared that this war would reinforce the Romanov empire, however, when Nicholas II made the decision to become commander-in-chief of the Russian
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Nicholas II decided to ban alcohol for the duration of the war which consequently lost the government 33 percent of its tax revenue. By 1916, the war alone was costing nearly five times the 1913 budget allowance. The poor railway network created difficulties transporting supplies to the battlefront and the home front. The loss of animals and fifteen million men mobilised from villages disrupted food production and food for the army took precedence over food supply for the city dwellers. For the people of Russia, the war created immense hardships for day to day life. Living standards declined, with wage increases averaged at 100 percent. Furthermore, the prices of basic needs were doubled due to inflation, and as much as five times higher than pre-war costs. The cost of flour doubled and price of meat tripled between 1914 and 1916. Banks began holding grain as they forecasted more inflation. Additionally, city dwellers struggled continually to withstand malnutrition and unsanitary living conditions due to price increases averaging 300 percent and with coal, wood and grain in short supply. Due to the discontent in the cities, strike activity rose, with 268 strikes in January and February of 1917. Moreover, the strains that were placed on the economy were once again blamed on Nicholas, as he was in command of the army as well as the government. His failure to provide sufficient planning for the war was major factor that played a vital role in the downfall of his regime.
Overall, the hardships of World War I on Russia and its people due to poor economic and logistical planning for the war, resulted in increased resentment towards the Tsarist regime which would eventually evolve into massive instability and Nicholas’
Russia and the end of over 100 years of Romanov rule. By the time the
The Great War began in the early days of August 1914. Russia fought alongside its allies Britain, France, Austria Hungary and the Ottoman Empire against Germany. During the initial stages of war, there was a high level of patriotism among the Russian people. The decision of the Romanov government to go to war undermined any remaining loyalty the people felt towards Nicholas. The war brought heavy casualty numbers and injuries. In addition there was also inadequate medical care, shortages of food, guns and bullets, loss of land and lost access to supplies and markets through both the Baltic and Baltic Seas. The Tsar’s poor decision making caused the Russian soldiers to suffer. The ammunition among the soldiers were rationed. Many soldiers lacked the proper clothing and equipment they required if they were to survive the bitterly cold conditions of the winter. The loss of men and animals from the villages disrupted the food production. The main priority was to supply the soldiers with food and this took precedence over food supply of the cities. This caused further disruptions within Russia, leading to the end of the Tsarist regime. Inadequate transport saw the already limited city food supplies left rotting at rural railway stations. Russia’s enemy, Germany, was a well-trained industrial nation, while the Russians were underprepared, and had inadequate equipment. As a result the war brought extreme economic strains, and hence the Tsar decided to ban alcohol during the times of War. The new restriction caused the government to lose 33 per cent of its tax revenue and by 1916, the war alone was costing nearly five times the initial 1913 budget allowance. As the war progressed the quality of the soldiers began to decrease as most of the officers were killed and replaced by conscripts with little military training. All of this contributed to low morale amongst the
Many historians argue as to whether WW1 was the deciding cause of the Russian revolution 1917. In 1915, the Tsar took personal control of the army; he felt his leadership could inspire his troops. However, he was inexperienced as a leader and this led to the humiliation and defeat of the Russian army. In 1915, Germany launched a series of offensives against Russia, they were beaten and large areas of Russian territory were over run. The Tsar taking charge was seen as him taking personal responsibility for the military disasters inflicted upon Russia. For example, in 1916, for a period of time Russia did win some victories against the Austrians and regained some territory, but then due to the German army attacking in support of their Austrian ally, Russia was overpowered and defeated. Morale across Russia was low and the people were looking for someone to blame- this was the Tsar. During WW1, 2 million soldiers were killed during WW1 and similar numbers of civilians were killed also. The Tsar's attempt to raise moral and to
Tsarina Alexandra Romanov is accused of having a serious helping hand in the ultimate demise of Russia and eventual revolution that occurred. While many of the Tsarina’s actions did contribute to the eventual failures in Russia, Tsarina Alexandra was dealing with much more than just the political nature of Russia during the time of World War I. The Tsarina found herself struggling with finding a balance between the Russian distrust due to her lineage, her struggle to produce an heir, and finding her place with Tsar Nicholas II away at the front. In a time when the Romanov family was the center of distrust, the German princess found herself conflicted between her strong religious beliefs, Russian patriotism, and her desire to protect Russian aristocracy in order to provide her son a future as Tsar. With all these conflicting allegiances in her life, Tsarina Alexandra found herself trying to establish her role as a leader of the Russian people, a mother, and a wife while also trying to balance her duty as a Tsarina in the scope of family and war.
Russia immediately declared war with Germany, and the fighting began. Soon the Tsar realised that his visions of a short, glorious victory where never going to happen and soon the two waring parties where entrenched in a slow, bloody war. From the outset, the Germans held every advantage over Russia, on and supporting the battlefield.
Under the poor leadership of Tsar Nicholas II, Russia's peasants were suffering and unrest was widespread in the country. In hopes to rally the Russian people and bring out their nationalist spirit, Tsar Nicholas II, declared war on Japan for challenging Russia for control of Korea and Manchuria. was facing has suffered huge losses during its war with Japan. Japan defeated the Russian easily and it was a humiliating loss for the empire. As World War exploded between Austria-Hungary and Serbia, Russia was drawn into the war because of the alliance system, Bolsheviks and other groups in Russia did not like the fact that Tsar Nicholas II decided to enter another costly war.
During WWI, Russia encountered major defeats and was caused due to extreme poverty and high inflation. The Russian public blamed Tzar Nicholas II for his poor military decisions, and Alexandra for her little role in government. Because Alexandra was originally from Germany people thought that she might have even sabotaged
Rasputin's influence grew through the Tsarina (whom the people hated), and even though he had little education, he gained recognition and authority in the Russian court. However, his influence was not one that was positive. Because of his bouts of drinking, womanizing, and ability to pressure the Tsar to do anything he wanted, he became one of the most hated men of the 20th Century. However, one of the very worst things Tsar Nicholas II did was to show the people how truly bad of a leader he was. Because of the growing wave of dissatisfaction in Russia since the start of WWI, he decided to lead the army himself. Now whenever things went wrong, as they often did, the blame would fall directly on him. The Tsar's inability to balance his tyrannical system with the risks of economic modernization caused the collapse of the dictatorial system.
In the early years of the 20th century Russia was known as “the most politically authoritarian and economically backwards of the great powers (Upshur 816)”. For this reason, Russia became one of the first large empires to fall in the aftermath of World War I. The large peasant population as well as several crushing defeats by Germany left Russia in a weak position after the war,
The First World War was a significant factor in causing the abdication of the Tsar and leading to revolution. This was because of the 9 million men wounded or killed by 1917 due to ‘under-equipped and poorly-led Russian Army’. This led to revolution it made the Tsar was closely linked to Russia’s military failing as, as Russia’s leader he was supposed to lead them to victory in war. Nicholas had failed to equip or lead his army. The war made the Tsar look like an inadequate leader and people started to call for his abdication. In
World War I was a major event that could that caused the training reaction of things primitive to the Russian revolution to happen due to the effects that occurred because of it. The role that Russia played caused various issues as the fee of Germany was still in stalemate and cause Russia to spend more of its supplies of weapons. Industrialization was prevalent in terms of the increased shortage of supplies catering to the militants in contributed to the alienation of their territorial states,which included the feet to Germany,further digressing their influence of national affairs. Infliction on Russia as a unit presented a greater mass of degradation with, “it's a huge losses of men and dislocation of the economy magnified all of Russia's
Anyone who has studied world history has heard of the Russian Revolution. The Russian Revolution was very important because it lead to a new era in Russia that impacted countries all over the world. It consisted of two revolutions which allowed for Lenin and the Bolsheviks to come to power. These revolutions occurred in the Russian Empire on March 8, 1917, and November 7, 1917. There were many problems in Russia at that time, which may have sparked these uprisings. Tsar Nicholas II, who was part of the Romanov dynasty that ruled Russia, failed to solve its basic political and economic problems after Bloody Sunday in 1905. He also continued fighting in WWI, which was very hard on Russia because they were already suffering from the effects of
In the years before the Russian Revolution (1917), Russia fought in many wars. The Crimean War (1854-56), The Russo-Turkish War (1877-78), The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), and World War I (1914-18). All of these wars caused a significantly severe drain of money and manpower, especially as Russia lost in all the wars, bar one. This sparked discontent among the citizens, as they suffered from the damage done to the economy and the government.
The catastrophic violence and destruction of World War I tore Russia apart. And with the revolution and civil war that immediately followed, the country was in near-ruin. The revolution came largely due to the continuous strain of an unsuccessful war in which Russian losses were in the millions. Broken down by the demands of war and the overthrow of the Tsar, Russia was prepared to embrace the future. Communism was the new rule and it held a lot of promise for those who showed support.
World War one was a disaster more than 17 million people died in World War one and the worst thing of it is that the Czar Nicholas the second thought that war would benefit him. He thought that people that was born in Russia and defend another country would come back running to him and he would be the great leader. So, after all, he became commander of the army. Russian situation starts getting worst and worst. They couldn’t get supplies so they started running out of food, and know the food is more and more expensive. It was just chaotic, more than two million people died during this