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In 1522, Luther began to organize a reformed church and was the first to translate the New Testament into German. This New Testament sold almost 200,000 copies and created great appeal for Lutheranism. It allowed many Germanic people to read the Bible because it no longer required the people to know Latin. However, it did not reach everyone as many people were still illiterate. From its beginning, the reformation was tied to political affairs as it was supported by many German

How One Man Remade the World with Words, 2002 highlights this phenomenon of the press; “Of course, printing was in its infancy, but Germany at the time was turning out a million books a year, of which a third -300,000- were by Luther” (Doc B). The printing press permitted Martin Luther to share his works widely throughout Europe with all kinds of people. With the printing press, Luther was able to instill doubt in the Church’s authority, which ultimately fueled the beginning of the Protestant Reformation against the Catholic

After the Reformation, a significant amount of social changes came to light. Nevertheless, this time in history, as shown in Document 3, wouldn’t have reached the success that it did without the printing press. This was a machine that Johannes Gutenberg invented in order to spread information quickly and accurately. Martin Luther’s message was able to be easily spread throughout Europe now. And, with people having the ability to access the Bible on their own, not only was the population of Europe able to study Scripture without a priest, but also, the literacy rate in Europe dramatically increased.

Many social changes emerged following the Protestant Reformation. The printing press and mass production of books were a major source of growth and success to the Reformation (Document 3). Because of the printing press, Martin Luther’s message was simply spread throughout Europe. Now that people could access the Bible on their own, the Europeans were able to study Scripture without a

While in a time of the English Church being under the control of the Catholic Church and Pope in Rome, King Henry VIII claimed the power of controlling the whole English Church through the Act of Supremacy. This caused for any that are still supporting the Pope and the power of the Catholic Church to be destroyed in the King’s eyes, especially monasteries. With the country no longer under the Catholic rule, it soon became a Protestant country.

Sir Walter Raleigh the explorer was born in 1552, or possibly 1554 and died in 1618. He grew up in a farmhouse near a village called East Budleigh in Devon. He had four older brothers. He was also raised as a strict Protestant.

From around 1450 to 1650 is referred to as The Early Modern Period (True, “The Early Modern Period” slide 2). This point in history is marked with important people, movements, and advancements in technology (True, “The Early Modern Period”). Some of the most prominent names from this time are Martin Luther, King Henry VII, and John Wycliffe (True, “The Protestant Reformation”). All of these people played a significant role in the movement referred to as the Protestant Reformation. For instance, William Tyndale was able to produce one of the first English versions of the bible (True, “William Tyndale” slide 3). All of these people left their mark on history in some way. Another important, but

Martin Luther: German friar who believed that only the Bible was God’s word and started Protestant Reformation

The atmosphere changed in England as Rome and Henry the VIII came into conflict. Henry the VII wanted to divorce his Catholic wife, Katherine of Aragon, the Catholic Church refused. When the Pope refused, Henry VII renounced the Catholic Church and appointed himself head of the Church of England. To spite the Catholic Church and unify his kingdom, he ordered the Bible printed and translated into English, and placed in all the churches, the translation they placed in the churches was the Great Bible. Miles Coverdale was the editor behind the Great Bible, which used the Matthew’s Bible as its basis. The size of the Bible, 16 ½ inches by 11 inches was the reason it was called the Great Bible.

“Unless I am convinced by proofs from scriptures or by plain and clear reasons and arguments, I can and will not retract anything I have written, for it is neither safe nor wise to do anything against conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen.” Martin Luther stated these words in 1521 when he was asked whether he still believed what his works taught. The Protestant Reformation was a movement during the 16th century, which aimed to reform some beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. The reformation was led by a German monk named Martin Luther and was further modified by John Calvin, a French theologian and Henry VIII, the king of England. The ideas bought forward by these individuals started the Protestant Reformation, which triggered wars, prosecutions and the Counter-Reformation.

Once the printing press printed the German Bibles, many people could read it for themselves. This created big changes in the Christian church, and all it took was one man's

Tyndale came under a lot of persecution for translating and printing the bible that were forbidden at the time by the Church of England. Tyndale left England to go live in Germany. He had the bible smuggled into England. There were approximately one-thousand and twenty-five copies that were brought back into England. Those bibles were the first English bibles.

Martin Luther is an individual from the Protestant Reformation which I most admire. He was born on November 10th, 1483. When he was older, one day he had a religious experience which made him give up law school and become a monk in Germany. As he devoted his life to Jesus’ teachings when he was in the monastery, he began to question what the Roman Catholic church practiced and what the Bible said. He noticed that the Catholic had driven away from what was actually written in the bible. He used Gutenberg’s printing press to help him print the Bible from Hebrew and ancient Greek to which he translated to German. Because of this, it helped him spread his beliefs. The Bible was the first book printed using the printing press. Luther was the first to speak up and protest against the church even though there were some risks to going against the church. His bravery is one of the reasons why I admire

The “Great Awakening,” similar to the Protestant Reformation was a religious revival. Rather than in Europe, this revival was across the British American colonies. The movement was a cause of the Enlightenment. Jonathan Edwards had refused to convert to the Church of England, he had believed that the Church had been corrupted and New Englanders were developing into worldly, renaissance men and women. People had begun to find wealth and new ideas much more significant than religious principles. With this speech, Jonathan Edwards had meant to strike fear within wayward Puritans of his congregation. His sermon had delivered a vivid image of the fiery pits of hell, and those who would burn. The bone chilling sermon was meant to convince people to give themselves to God and believe in him as the highest power. However, fear mongering will never truly change an individual’s core beliefs. His intimidation is also what diminished his credit.

John Calvin was born on July 10th, 1509 in Noyon, Picardy, France. He studied at the universities of Paris, Bourges, and Orleans. He was a key leader of the Protestant Reformation. He wrote many protestant works like Institutes of the Christian Religion. Calvin was also a revolutionary theologian and leader, developing the religion of Calvinism and doctrine of predestination. In addition, Calvin reorganized the city of Geneva, Switzerland and made it into an example theocracy. John Calvin died on May 27th, 1564 in Geneva, Switzerland, but his ideas and achievements have lived on. In fact, the average citizen should care about him because of the contributions he has made to the world, however positive or negative they may be. John Calvin’s three main contributions that make him historically significant are his development of the doctrine of predestination, his revolutionary reform of the education system, and his emphasis on the protestant work ethic.