Why Did James Craig Build A New Town?

In Glasgow, the Peoples Palace displayed many accomplishments of the cities people, all stating that they were the first to invent this and the first to do that. Instead of looking back, the city showed how it was progressive and urged its people to move forward. In Edenborough, the tour guide talked about how they were the first to invent skyscrapers and other architecture. Instead of talking about how the country moved forward as a whole, each city talked about how they moved forward and the people in it.

In “New Axioms for Reading the Landscape: Paying Attention to Political Economy and Social Justice,” Don Mitchell incorporates old ideas from Peirce F. Lewis’s original “Axioms for Reading the Landscape.” At the same time, Mitchell includes new ideas into his axioms. In Axiom 1, he explains that “the landscape is not produced through ‘our unwitting autobiography’ (as Lewis describes it), but as an act of (social, not individual) will” (2007, 34). He also stresses the idea that landscape should be produced as a commodity. In contrast, Neil Smith explains the main causes behind gentrification. Smith explains how gentrification happens through a process which he calls “rent gap” (1979, 545). In gentrification, the landscape is a commodity because it loses and gains monetary value through disinvestment and investment.

The lavish provision of public parks, baths, and free libraries promotes the health, happiness and culture of the industrial orders. Far seldomer than before do we hear the murmur of popular descontent. Sickness and mortality have been reduced to anextend that is almost incredible.” The city of Manchester was unattractive as shown in document eleven. The photograph the bridge over the River Irwell.

Finally, after almost a full century(1750-1868), William Alexander Abram writes that conditions have improved and technology was a main factor in freeing space and improving urban life. This reliable journal article written by a historian concludes that after years of little intervention, technology was able to fix the problems presented by

I found the details that Fleming gives about John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry surprising. It was interesting to learn about specific details about the raid that I did not previously know. This included the killing of Fortaine Beckham, who was killed by one of John Brown’s men. This was interesting to me because Fleming pointed this out to be an irony because Beckham was friendly to black slaves. I found the information that Fleming gives about George Washington’s calling for African Slaves who lived in the colonies to join the Continental Army during the Revolution to be very interesting. Another element from the book I found interesting was the section where Fleming wrote about Thomas Jefferson dislike for slavery. I found it fascinating

Lemuel Haynes was born in 1753 in West Hartford, Connecticut. His mother gave birth secretly in the home of John Haynes, and was given his surname. He was born to a respectable white mother and an unknown black man, who neither wanted him (Early Evangelicalism). He was early on placed into a white family but was still legally considered to be an indentured servant. He was treated much different than other slaves. Haynes was a surrogate child, and was the most favored child in the family. He attended school and received an education, which was much different compared to other servants. Haynes served as an agricultural servant, taking care of the animals and tending to the land for farming. After being an indentured servant

Williamsburg Colonial was originally referred to as the Middle Plantation and the Revolutionary City, although in the beginning it was just a royal colony that later transitioned into a republic state, with a new self-government. It became a republic after great efforts and debates from extraordinary men such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Patrick Henry, to name a few, that sought to improve the principles of liberty. The city of Williamsburg underwent several transitioning periods with the first being that it became the capital of the Virginia Colony in 1966. The colony remains important to American history because it is where the contemplation began for freedom and independence, and it is where the ideas of freedom and independence

When someone says Williamsburg, What do you think of ? If you said Busch Gardens or water country USA or shopping centers, then I'm going to expand your mind. This paper includes Why Williamsburg is important, What colonial life was like, Significant characters, and the lessons the colonists learned. Williamsburg is important because it's another colony in the new world. France and Spain couldn’t have the whole continent. Williamsburg is where the foundational concepts such as republic responsible leaderships, a sense of public service, self government, and individual liberty. The colonist began to dream of independence and freedom from the British monarchy.It was the mostpolitial, educational, andcutal place a the the time.

I remember I once told you that the rock garden outside of the tatami room has a Connecticut River shaped rock bend. Maybe the painting is a nice resemblance to the arrangement of the garden -- with the theme of flowing river inspiring profound thoughts or stimulating meditative state... This is also a collision of the Chinese and Japanese ways of representing (and potentially symbolizing) rivers [re: James Cahill, The Poetic Journey?]. As etiquette, the garden can only be appreciated from inside the room. So, a viewer encounters concurrently the stream/brook/river in the scroll, and the garden rock “river.” How does s/he feel? All the “rivers” are unreal. But the juxtaposition of the couplet and the painting changes the meaning/reception of

“The lack of historical precedent for building a governmental center ex nihil did not apparently, generate any misgivings about the bold enterprise” (Young, p. 96). The capital was destined to be a success; so sure of this fact, funds for public buildings were expected to be raised through private land speculation.

Compare and contrast the various early European urban theorists as found in Chapter 1 of the course text. (300-400 words)

The Act of Union of 1707 brought together the two independent nations of Scotland and England to create a new United Kingdom. This new Kingdom in the opinion of the English ensured political and military stability on the Island of Great Britain, neutralizing the Scottish MP’s by absorbing them into the Westminster system.

Ebenezer Howard created revolutionary concepts with his “Town-Country Magnet” idea. This idealistic paper combines the healthy amenities of the country with the economic machine of the city; two entities that were, at the time, completely segregated. He reinvented this space and called it the “Garden City” (Howard 373). This urban decentralization used a circular plan and designated each ring to a different use, separated by expansive avenues and

The garden city movement, a method of urban planning that was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard, had a significant influence on urban planning. The theory of urban planning has envolved over the past hundred years, some have attempted to emulate theories from the garden city movement, while others have been revised based on Howard’s original ideas. The Garden City concept spawned many ideas of urban planning. Among these ideas, the Garden Suburb, Satellite City, the New Towns Movement and the New Urbanism are all significant theories in the history of urban planning and had their influence to this day. The integration of town and country, the separation of conflicting land uses and modes of travel, and the ideas of growth management are all elements of the Garden City concept that have made made their ways into plans of most major Western cities.

In this book Lynch defines that performance of the city can be measured by reference to its spatial form. But the quality of a place is depends upon combined effect of place and the society which occupies that place. Here Lynch sets up new dimensions for performance in his own criteria. Author also expresses his approach on size of the city, conservation and growth, planning practices and utopian models. The dimensions which are demonstrated in this book may not be fully perfect but of course they combine all social values as well as physical values. Lynch believed that these described dimensions must cover all features of all forms of the settlements and all these dimensions should be usable where values are different.