During the first half of the 17th century, Europe faced many distinctive catastrophes. Prior to the 17th Century, Europe had a flourishing economy. Italy was at the heart of Europe's manufacturing and economic growth. Population in this area rose from "60 million in 1500 to 85 million by 1600" (Spielvogel 437). However, in the beginning of the 17th century, food shortages, diseases and combat had a major impact in Europe's population decline. Another factor that affected the wealth of the Mediterranean area, was the drastic decline of silver imports from the Western Hemisphere. Around this period, the witchcraft craze frenzy became very apparent. Throughout this time, people were being brought to trial for practicing this custom.
Witch hunts blazed across Europe over the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries not just killing innumerable innocent people, but stripping women of much of the power they had once held, and changing society's perceptions of women all together. The economic hardships, religious rivalries, and troubled politics of the time made accusing your neighbors of witchcraft convenient. Where there was war and poverty, or merely bad luck, peasants would assume witchcraft and rush to blame an old, defenseless woman in trials which involved unbelievable cruelty and horrible sadism. As religion and the Catholic Church began to complement and perpetuate the increasing hysteria, European society as a whole could do nothing but
The Salem witch craft trials are the most learned about and notable of Europe's and North America's witch hunts. Its notoriety and fame comes from the horrendous amount of people that were not only involved, but killed in the witch hunt and that it took place in the late 1700's being one of the last of all witch hunts. The witch craft crises blew out of control for several reasons. Firstly, Salem town was facing hard economic times along with disease and famine making it plausible that the only explanation of the town's despoilment was because of witches and the devil. As well, with the stimulation of the idea of witch's from specific constituents of the town and adolescent boredom the idea of causing entertainment among the town was an
The evidence of witchcraft and related works has been around for many centuries. Gradually, though, a mixture a religious, economical, and political reasons instigated different periods of fear and uncertainty among society. Witchcraft was thought of as a connection to the devil that made the victim do evil and strange deeds. (Sutter par. 1) In the sixteenth, seventeenth, and twentieth century, the hysteria over certain causes resulted in prosecution in the Salem Witch Trials, European Witchcraft Craze, and the McCarthy hearings. These three events all used uncertain and unjustly accusations to attack the accused.
In retrospect, this judicial procedure might best be described as an unconventional massive public panic that had begun to spread throughout the neighboring villages. The numbers of those accused of witchcraft began to grow very quickly and, before long, women of various societal stature also found themselves among the
In Salem Massachusetts 1692, many innocent people were accused of practicing witchcraft, or being possessed by the devil. The puritans believed everything in the bible and that people had been inhabited by the devil either by force or on purpose and needed to be killed. What caused the chaos in Salem, 1692? The witch trial hysteria was caused by the fear of being accused and hanged, or for being possessed when they weren’t. In that time, you would die either way, unless you confessed in which case you would be sent to church to fix yourself. Also, back then people were very proper and not allowed to sit improperly, otherwise they would get in trouble.
The witch craze had widely spread through Europe from the Middle Ages up to the 1700’s. Those who were accused of being a witch were persecuted by the use of torture. The number of “witches” who were tried surpassed 100,000. Witches were not viewed too fondly, for they were assumed to associate with the Devil. The three major reasons for the persecutions of witches were economic greed, age and gender bias, and religious beliefs.
In the 1680’s and 1690’s there was mass hysteria in New England over supposed witchcraft. The most famous outbreak was in Salem, Massachusetts, hence the name Salem Witch Trials. In Salem, there were young girls who started acting strangely, and they leveled accusations of witchcraft against some of the West Indian servants who were immersed in voodoo tradition. Most of the accusations were against women, and soon the accusations started to shift to the substantial and prominent women. Neighbors accused other neighbors, husbands accused their wives, etc. and it kept going on for a while. There was this nature of evil and the trials didn’t end until nineteen Salem residents were put to death in 1692, more importantly before the girls
The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 were a series of prosecutions of people who were accused of acts of witchcraft or of being a witch in Salem, Massachusetts through the time period of February 1692 through May 1693. This was a dark time in history as more than 200 prosecutions took place and at least 20 people were killed during this time of fear and hysteria. The accusations began as three girls Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborne were accused of witchcraft from other young girls in the community. During this time period, fear of the Devil was common as people in Salem were very devoted to their religion and religious practices. As one of the accused girls, Tituba, confessed to working for the Devil and admitting to being a witch, this caused panic and hysteria as a massive witch hunt took place to find more of these witches. This confession was the main reason behind months and months of fear and mass panic as it triggered more accusations.
Every year on January 6, my family celebrates the cultural tradition of Dia de Reyes, which recognizes the coming of the three Wise Men. Children in Hispanic regions in the United States received presents from their parents just like how the three Wise Men presented gifts to baby Jesus. Another way to celebrate this holiday is to eat; the Rosca de Reyes is a accustomed Mexican bread in the shape of a ring, symbolizing the Wise Men’s quest for the Ruler of the Jews. It is said that Balthazar, Melchior, and Gaspar, the Three Wise Men journey through Jerusalem following a star. When the Wise Men met with King Herod, they questioned him where the newborn King had been born. Terrified by these words, King Herod, questioned the Wise men to look for the infant and to come at once when they find him, so that he too can also praise the new ruler. Since Herod was scared the newborn might endanger his sovereign power, he commanded the murdering of every child under the age of three years old. Soon, when the Wise Men located the newborn named Jesus it became a holiday known as Epiphany, which the bread, Rosca de Reyes, symbolizes. The dried and sweet fruit that decorate the bread represents the crowns of the Three Wise Men, while the accustomed figures are positioned in the inner part of the bread that symbolizes Joseph and Mary running away to Egypt to get away from Herod’s efforts to murder their child. In fact, the tradition Rosca de Reyes began in France during the fourteenth
Nineteen were hung, one was pressed and tortured to death, hundreds were imprisoned, and five had died while waiting to be trialed in prison. They were just a victim of being someone’s personal vendetta. The witch trials were revolved around a group of women that were said to of witnessed witchcraft. These young women were thirsting after their enemies to get the type of justice they thought to believe was reasonable for things certain people had done in the past that enraged them. Witch hunts like these root back far, all the way back to New England. During the 17th century europe was swarmed with accusations of
The gorvernment are trying to build a community.It will be just for the young peopel.The gorvernment are trying to build a art school for the children.They are doing this just to have the young people do something fun.The people need things like this in their lives.It's just to do something fun.They were even making a movie theater.They people now have something they will enjoy until they rest in peace.This would be a great idea.People will have more fun than going to the park.This give me another idea They build a skateboard park.Skate board riders will love to go there.The community will be a popular community because of it's good resourses.
Before the 1500s, prosecution of witches was rare. Trials were conducted against those who were seen as suspects of “practicing harmful magic and occasional mass trials" (Bever, 2009, p. 263). These accusations were often made by children and that of their imagination. The decline; however, occurred not through the prosecutions but through its “suppressing roles” and the overall “decline in witch beliefs” (Bever, 2009, p. 285). The title of the article is “Witchcraft Prosecutions and the Decline of Magic” and it is written by Edward Bever. Bever is the Associate Professor of History, SUNY College at Old Westbury.
From 1530 to 1562, France was the most overpopulated country in Europe. By 1530, all arable land were under cultivation without introducing any new agricultural techniques or new crops and in doing so, grain production reached to its most output in 1530. The growth of population increased the pressure on grain production and subsequently rose grain and bread prices. The wheat price doubled from 1510 to 1540, but the other grains and products lagged behind it. Moreover, the cheap price of grains in France in comparison to Spain caused an increase of the export of it to Spain, even though it was several times banned by the French crown but the export continued as the main way to import gold and silver into France, in exchange for bullions.
The Salem witch trials were a difficult time for the citizens of the Massachusetts Colony in the late seventeenth century. They were accused of practicing the Devil’s magic, which many believed to be real; so real that people were being imprisoned and executed for it. Between the years 1692 and 1693 there were over two hundred accusations and about 20 people and two dogs were killed altogether.
Various methods are utilized to modify epoxy resins to improve their toughness. Based on the structure-property relationships, the traditional chemistry approaches have been: chemical modification of a given rigid epoxy backbone to a more flexible backbone structure; lowering the crosslink density by increasing the molecular weight of the epoxy monomers and/or decreasing the functionality of the curing agents. The most common approaches are the incorporation of dispersed toughener phase(s) in the cured epoxy matrix. The second phase includes rubbers, thermoplastics, block copolymers and hard inclusions such as silica, glass beads, etc.